NERVOUS AND ENDOCRINE SYSTEMS

Nervous System and the Endocrine Systems

Nervous System and the Endocrine Systems

Nervous System

Introduction

System of nerves is the most unknown and complete system of all body of human, with the Endocrine System, it functions to monitor the human body. Nerves are capable of receiving and integrating a lot of information from a variety of senses to get a response from body, the nervous system is generally responsible for monitoring the activities fast. In addition, the nervous system controls the intellective functions for example volitions, the emotions, and memory. Nervous system is very complex anatomically, and its composition cells, distinct from the other parts or systems of the body, lacks capacity of regeneration (Brain, & Walton, 1985, Pp.55-60).

Fundamentals of the Nervous System and its Functions

The human being is endowed with neural mechanisms through which it receives information of the alterations that occur in their environment and external and internal, allowing you to react to the information appropriately. Through these mechanisms we can see and hear, act, analyze, organize and save your brain records of the experiences.

These nervous mechanisms are set in lines of communication calls in whole nervous system. There are two divisions of nervous system, the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. Central nervous system consists of: Brain, Spinal Cord (also called "life on" because their functions to perceive stimulus from the outer world; nerve impulses transition to centers of sensory processing; production of pulses effectors; and transmission of these impulses to effectors skeletal muscles (Donaghy, 2009, Pp.33-37).

Peripheral Nervous System consists of spinal nerves and cranial nerves. Its function is to receive and transmit the central nervous system sensory impulses, and to target organs impulse engines. Autonomic nervous system includes: sympathetic trunk, formed by nerve cords that extend longitudinally along the neck, chest and abdomen on either side of the spine; Lymph peripherals (The nodes are groups of cell bodies). This system is also called autonomous. It is related to the internal organs, glands, heart, blood vessels and smooth muscles. Their function is efferent, transmitting impulses that regulate the functions of the viscera in accordance with the vital requirements each time.

Central Nervous System

It's a biological structure, consisting of the spinal cord and brain. They're guarded by 3 membranes, pia mater (internal membrane), arachnoid (middle membrane), and dura mater (external membrane), pia mater generally known as meninges. Additionally, the spinal cord and brain are shielded by bony shells that are the spine and skull. This is a very complex system, since it is responsible to perceive stimulus from the outer world and send out impulses of nerve to muscles (Kleihues, & Cavenee, 2000, Pp.6-41). Hollow spaces of these bodies are filled up by a liquid that has no color that's known as the cerebro-spinal liquid. It has varying functions: an exchange means of particular substances, such as waste products' removal system and to sustain good balance of ions, carries oxygen and glucose from the blood into neurons and is also very important as damping system ...