Module 4 Case



Module 4 Case

1. Use the following data sources to answer questions 1A-1D below:A. What was the annual incidence rate of AIDS (per 100,000 population) among the U.S. population in 2009?

 

Numbers affected

Rate (per 100,000)

13-24

10700

0.107

25-34

13300

0.133

35-44

11700

0.117

45-54

7000

0.07

>55

2300

0.023

B. What was the annual incidence rate of AIDS (per 100,000 population) among Hispanics/Latinos in 2009?

 

Numbers affected

Rate (per 100,000)

13-24

1700

0.017

25-34

3300

0.033

35-44

2400

0.024

45-54

920

0.0092

>55

250

0.0025

C. What is the prevalence rate of AIDS (per 100,000 population) among the U.S. population based on data received through 2009?

Prevalence Rate (per 100,000 population) = 53200/100000 * 100 = 53.2%D. What is the prevalence rate of AIDS (per 100,000 population) among Hispanics/Latinos based on data received through 2009?

Prevalence Rate (per 100,000 population) = 9200/100000 * 100 = 9.2%

E. Compare the incidence and prevalence rates between Hispanic/Latino population and the U.S. population. Explain possible reasons for differences.

The incidence rates in Hispanic/Latino population and the U.S. population has significant differences in 2009 i.e. the Hispanic population is least affected in US with the HIV - AIDS with a rate 9.2%. Infact the overall rate for the US population is 53.2% which is significantly higher. There are various reasons responsible for such significant differences. Hispanic/Latino are not very much involved in Male-to-male sexual contact and injection drug use. Further, they are also not found involved in hemophilia, blood transfusion, perinatal exposure, and other risk factors. The injection drug use is also significantly lesser than the other Race/ethnicity particularly Black Americans.2. Use data from Table G (p. 15) of the National Vital Statistics Report (March 2010) to answer the following question:A. Compare differences between ethnic groups in terms of the three leading causes of death.

ETHNICITY

CAUSES OF DEATH

Cesarean

Very preterm

Very low birth Weight

Non-Hispanic white

32.80%

1.58%

1.16%

Non-Hispanic black

35.40%

3.87%

3.06%

American Indian or Alaska Native

28.50%

2.13%

1.31%

Asian or Pacific Islander

33.10%

1.48%

1.13%

Hispanic

31.60%

1.77%

1.19%

B. When would you use an age-adjusted mortality rate instead of a standard mortality rate?

Standardized death rate is normally known as SDR is the population's death rate to a particular standardized age distribution. This rate can be calculated as the weighted average of rate of deaths in a particular population and the weighted multiples are the normally the age distribution of that particular population. There are various causes of which vary significantly with the age and sex of the people and these standardized death rates certainly make the comparability much better between the two countries.

On the other hand, weighted multiple of mortality varies between ethnic groups and race. Therefore, age-adjusted mortality rates gives a reliable measure of ...