MODELS OF MANAGEMENT

Models of Management and Its Impact



Models of Management and Its Impact

Introduction

There are a multitude of models that have an immense impact on the strategy development and the culture of an organization. If these models are followed in its true sense, the required objective in terms of an effective strategy developments and expected culture can be realized. There have been a number of schools of thought in this regard. There are some traditional views that are influenced by rational goal model and internal process model. The modern view is highly based on human relations model and open system. The rational-comprehensive model assumes that policies are crafted through a process that involves advance specification of key values and goal and tightly configured means-ends analysis. In the internal process model, the organizational effectiveness is a measure in terms of internal efficiently and health. This process evaluates a multitude of indicators for knowing the strength of the organization (Robbins & Coulter, 2002, pp. 55).

The problems left unresolved with the classical theories are solved by human relation model. It inspires several researches in the field of industrial psychology and sociology of work. These studies, given the gruelling schedule and the pace imposed by the Taylors factory-style, focused on the analysis of fatigue, both from a physical point of view and psychological, and the impact that the monotony of the work could have on the motivational drives on the strategy development and positive culture of the organization. An open system is a system that continuously interacts with its environment. This system can change the culture in a positive way. Through his learned culture people can develop an attitude of positive. This positive cultural development helps in strategy development. The interaction can be done via information, energy or material transferred to or from the system boundaries, depending on the discipline that defines the concept. The notion of open system contrasts with that of an isolated system, which trade or energy or matter or information with its environment.

Traditional Models Affecting Strategy and Culture

Rational Goal Model

The rational-comprehensive model assumes that policies are crafted through a process that involves advance specification of key values and goals, tightly configured means-ends analysis, extensive analysis that is at once comprehensive and characterized by high levels of information, and an influential role for theory-driven analysis. Out of this analytically intensive and information-rich process emerges a policy choice that is the “best” relative to decisional elements such as values and goals, actual analysis, and means evaluation (Boddy, 2008, pp. 140).

The successive limited comparisons model, however, is the one embraced by Lindblom. With this model, also known as instrumentalism, values and goals often are not distinct, analysis of relations between ends and means is limited and perhaps even inappropriate, the options considered are few in number and differ only marginally (or incrementally) from each other, and policy choices emerge out of a “succession of comparisons” (p. 81) among a limited set of options. If the theory is important in the rational-comprehensive method, decision making in instrumentalism is process oriented, with goodness of a decision defined as achieving agreement among analysts—that is, agreement rather than some ...