The topological structure of the arteriolar network is an important determinant of micro vascular resistance. In several normal and pathological conditions, this network topology is remodeled such that adequate tissue perfusion and oxygenation are maintained. The objective of this study was to quantify the extent of arteriolar remodeling in skeletal muscle of rats chronically exposed to 10% oxygen for 18 ± 3.6 days. Arcade arteriolar (AA) and transverse arteriolar networks that had been immunofluorescently labeled for smooth muscle alpha-actin and smooth muscle myosin heavy chain were observed in whole-mount gracilis muscles from ...