MERCHANT SHIPS

Merchant Ships

Merchant Ships

Introduction

A Merchant ship is a type of ship used to transport goods, goods and materials from one port to another. Other names known by this type of boat are cargo ship, boat coasting or simply freighter or cargo ship. Today they are called container ship.

To appoint all modern vessels can be divided into 4 main groups: transport, commercial, military, and various support (including serving, sports, scientific research, etc.)

Shipping is a global industry and its prospects are closely linked to the level of economic activity in the world. A higher level of economic growth usually leads to higher demand for industrial materials, which in turn stimulate imports and exports. Shipping market is cyclical in nature, and freight rates usually fluctuate. Freight rates and earnings of shipping companies depend on supply and demand in the market. While demand factors depend on the growth of trade and the geographical balance of trade, factors of the proposal depends on the construction and ordering new ships, as well as the cancellation of the existing tonnage.

Barriers to market entry are high and the need for sufficient cash flow to fund working capital. In addition, specialized technical knowledge and experience are necessary. Competition in the market based on price. However, companies with younger fleet accrued in their premium prices (Anthony, 2002, 11).

Transport ships carrying cargo and passengers. 97% of all ships of the merchant fleet is the cargo ships, and only 3% - passenger. Cargo ships are dry bulk and liquid bulk; there is a mixture of group-dry cargo tankers.

In this scenario of growing global interdependence, we see changes in the international division of labour as a result of changes in the structure of trade and an unprecedented degree of international capital mobility. Should be noted that while the integration of goods and services and capital is progressing at a rapid pace, the labor market makes it a much lower rate, it also shows the spread of increasingly sophisticated technologies within a framework of dramatic streamlining of communications and telecommunications. The development of information, in turn, has increased productivity and in many cases, the income of workers. In general, one can say that electronic transactions and communications technology have been the necessary complement to the full internationalization and globalization and its significant impact on production and trade (Gaurav, 2008, 31).

The Cargo Net Increase In

In Europe, the volume of goods transported and the distances have been increasing due to European enlargement, globalization of markets and increased trade and that, whatever the mode of transport used: transport, maritime and rail have increased markedly between 2005 and 2005.

Road transport still dominates with 44% of tone-km carried in 2005 in the Europe of 25, a 38% increase over 2005. It represents 73% of land freight in Europe, 79% in France. If in Europe between 2005 and 2005, rail freight increased by 10%, in France it fell by 15%. As for shipping, it rose 34% over the same period, with large differences between ...