Measuring Crime

[Name of the Author]

Table of Contents

Introduction2

Methodology3

Hypotheses4

Hypothesis 14

Hypothesis 25

Hypothesis 35

Analysis6

Univariate Analysis6

Frequency tables8

Bivariate Analysis12

Hypothesis 112

Hypothesis 214

Hypothesis 318

Three way cross tabulation22

Chi square22

References25

Appendix26

Introduction

Criminology is one the most widely researched and studied subject area. It is different, extensive and uneven in places and it is largely related to behavioral research. Active policing of cities and societies has become crucial to ensure the safety of the residents. This active policing sometimes leads to excessive force which includes but not limited to, racial discrimination, legitimacy of excessive policing and widening of the criminal justice net. This research paper is an attempt to study relationships between police and suspects and the various factors that affect this relationship. Many previous research studies which focused on the UK police racial discrimination (Crimmol, 2007, pp. 746-763) and excessive force on youth (Halsey & White, 2008, pp. xx) have served as the basis and the background for this research paper.

Literature review

Considerable research is done on the subject of crime and use of police force. Drugs are one the major factors in crime and organized crimes. A survey by the British Crime Survey (Mott & Mirrless-Black, 1993, pp. xx) was carry out to study the drug use. The results showed that around one third of the the population that belongs to the age group of 16 to 30 years were involved in illegal drug use at some point in their lives. Another study (Parker & Newcombe, 1987, pp. 331-350) focused on teenagers came up with the results which showed that around 33% to 44% of teenagers who are 14 to 15 years old have experienced drugs, regardless of their sex.The significance of Age variable in criminal research is overwhelming and literature review also focuses on age being one of the major aspects in criminal research.

Street crimes in particular have been committed by young adults for many years and this is one of the major reasons for the public perception of young criminal. The advent of drugs and their popularity among youth has caused youth to commit drug related crimes (Halsey & White, 2008, pp. xx).

Methodology

The methodology of this research is based on defining three hypothesis, univariate and bivariate analysis of each variable involved in the hypothesis and later a test of significance to test if the results of the hypothesis can be generalized.

The first step in conducting this research is to define three hypothesis' or research questions. These hypothesis' will be tested using two types of analysis namely, univariate analyses and bivariate analysis. In univariate analysis the nature and type of each variable is discussed. Furthermore frequency tables were made of each variable to get a clear picture of what the variable represent. Finally, the uniavriate analyses is completed with the computation of descriptive statistics of each variable

The next step in the analyses was to conduct a bivariate analysis of variable involved in each of the three hypotheses. The most widely used bivariate analysis technique of cross tabulation was used to conduct these analyses. Thorough explanation of each table and the information that ...