MATERNAL MORTALITY

Maternal Mortality

Maternal Mortality

Introduction

The number of women in the world dies each year from complications related to pregnancy and childbirth has decreased by 34% over the last 18 years. From an estimated population 546,000 deaths in 1990 was passed in 2008 to 358,000 cases a year. This was revealed in a new report "Trends in maternal mortality: 1990 to 2008" released by United Nations Fund for Population Activities (UNFPA), UNICEF, World Bank and the World Health Organization (WHO).

Thus, progress is considerable, but the rate of decline is lower (less than half) than would be necessary for achieving the “Millennium Development Goal”, which aims to reduce by three quarters the maternal mortality globally by 2015. Achieving this would require an annual decrease in the incidence of the phenomenon by 5.5%, while the current trend is an average of yearly reduce of just 2.3%. It is said by (Margaret Chan, WHO Director-General) “The reduction in the overall rates of maternal mortality is news encouraging”.

The countries in which women are at a high risk of dying during childbirth or pregnancy are taking methods that are getting successful. These countries are guiding more to the midwives and supporting health centres and hospitals to help expecting women. No woman must die because of insufficient contact to pregnancy, childbirth care and family planning (Margaret, 2010).

Discussion

The causes of maternal mortality and death rates are highest themes of UNFPA Forum in many countries. The Municipal Health, supported by the Fund for the United Nations Population (UNFPA), the Fourth Municipal Forum on the Reduction of Maternal Mortality has discovered that a maternal death is one of the ten leading causes of death in women aged between 10 and 49 years around the world. Every two minutes a woman dies from pregnancy-related causes around the world, with 90% of these cases could be prevented with appropriate care. The topics that were discussed by (UNFPA) were: actions for women in prenatal care, childbirth and postpartum, reproductive rights, and abortion as a predisposing factor for maternal mortality. Hypertension, which generates eclampsia and preeclampsia-disease common in women following childbirth and bleeding are the major direct causes of maternal deaths in the capital. The program of the Ministry of Health institutionalizes the model of humanized and quality for women and children and comes to town to contribute in expanding access, hosting and improvements in prenatal, delivery and postpartum (Leichter, 1997).

Maternal Mortality

As maternal death case of death of a woman is pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy due to causes that are related to the pregnancy or its treatment, or be aggravated by this. This is not counted in the maternal mortality deaths of pregnant by accident or chance events (Thaddeus et.al, 1994, p. 1091-110). According to the international benchmark, the number of direct and indirect maternal deaths is estimated per 100,000 live births. Direct maternal deaths are those that occur as a result of complications during pregnancy, childbirth and, as a result of interventions, omissions, incorrect treatment, or as a ...