Maslow's Idea of Self-Actualization and Eupsychian Management

Introduction3

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs and Self Actualization3

Eupsychian Management5

Implications for Managers6

Management Style7

Autocratic7

Chaotic8

Consultative8

Democratic8

Laissez-faire8

M.B.W.A.9

Paternalistic9

Asian Paternalistic9

Persuasive9

Theoretical Approaches10

Theory X and Theory Y10

Classical Management Theories11

Henry Fayol11

F.W. Taylor11

Max Weber12

Approaches to avoided or deployed12

Integration of Maslow's Ideas13

Ideas at Work14

Conclusion15

References17

Maslow's Idea of Self-Actualization and Eupsychian Management

Introduction

It is principally the biggest consideration of every organization that how the workforce can be made more effective. There are various theories and models presented to made changes and bring effectiveness in the management of any company. This paper is formulated to understand the phenomenon that how the existing mental model of management can be overcome through integrating self actualization. The concept of self actualization is taken from the needs theory of Abraham Maslow, known as Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs. Self actualization is considered as the most premium need of any individual, which comes when a person develops its self esteem (Ifedili, C. J. & Ifedili, C. I. 2012).

However, in 1965, Maslow published a book, known as “Eupsychian Management”, which presented to the notion of an ideal management. The idea of Maslow has become the foundation for various world's leading activities in management and organizational operation (Ifedili, C. J. & Ifedili, C. I. 2012). In this paper, the concepts from manuscript along with his ideation of self actualization are simultaneously put under consideration to study the performance of employees in term of increase in productivity of the organization.

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs and Self Actualization

The greatest contribution of Maslow in the field of psychology and management is the Hierarchy of Needs. In 1943, Maslow presented the conjecture that human needs are divided into various stages. He proposed that there are five primary stages of needs through which a human can pass to satisfy the maximum number of needs (Pfeifer, A. A. 1998). However, one can never satisfy all of his needs, because no one can surpass the stage of self actualization, which is considerably the fifth and the last stage of Maslow's hierarchy (Pfeifer, A. A. 1998). The five stages of Maslow's Hierarchy are divided according to the intensity and necessity of the need. The first stage states about the most basic needs of an individual, which includes food and water, shelter and clothing (Hagerty, M. R. 1999). These four things are considerably the most basic necessity of an individual, which are essential to live. Without food, water, shelter and clothes, it is not be possible that an individual can survive. Once an individual achieves its most basic needs for living, it upgrades its lifestyle and moves it to the second stage of needs, which includes security, stability and freedom. Furthermore, the third stage of needs is called belonging, which includes love, friendship, family etc. Once an individual achieved security and stability in its life, its next demands include relationship (Koltko-Rivera, M. E. 2006). When the person got engages into relationship and enjoys the stability of his life, than he wants to move forward towards self esteem, which is considerably the fourth stage in the hierarchy of ...