This discussion will attempt to highlight three key areas. Firstly, the discussion will highlight the circumstances under which the government should discourage mergers. In this regard, the discussion will also elaborate on how the Justice Department can decide which mergers to challenge. The discussion will then elaborate on the difference between fixed-production technology and variable-production technology. The discussion will analyze if the government should set a goal of reducing the marginal social cost of pollution to zero in industries with variable technology and fixed-production technology. Finally, the discussion will highlight the regulatory dilemma.