[Liberalising the Renewable Energy Market In Developing Countries: a case study of Namibia and South Africa]

By

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Writing this thesis has been very demanding, challenging and time-consuming, but also remarkable, informative and above all fun. Nevertheless, it feels great to have finally completed my bachelor's or master's thesis and I am now looking forward to a nice relaxing period for recovering. It has been both advantages and drawbacks with the limited amount of earlier research conducted within this area, even though I faced serious troubles but sometimes the advantages of this research luckily were in my favor and have made this research both challenging and interesting. I would like to thank my supervisor -------, professor at -------University, who has been great in guiding my through this thesis, helping me through the difficulties I faced during the entire process and motivated me to work hard.

DECLARATION

I, [type your full first names and surname here], declare that the contents of this dissertation/thesis represent my own unaided work, and that the dissertation/thesis has not previously been submitted for academic examination towards any qualification. Furthermore, it represents my own opinions and not necessarily those of the University.

Signed __________________ Date _________________

ABSTRACT

In this study we discover the notion of “Liberalising the Renewable Energy Market” in a holistic context. The major aim of the study is on “Liberalising the Renewable Energy Market in Namibia and South Africa” and its relative with “developing countries”. The study furthermore investigates numerous facets of “Investment in renewable energy and energy effectiveness is significant to decrease the contradictory financial, communal and ecological influences of energy output and utilisation in South Africa” and endeavours to measure its result on “Currently, renewable energy assists somewhat little to prime energy and even less to the utilisation of financial energy of Renewable Energy Market in Namibia and South Africa”. Finally the study recounts diverse components which are to blame for “This study furthermore examines the principle choices for encouraging renewable electrical power and Energy Market” and endeavours to recount the general result of “Liberalising the Renewable Energy Market in Namibia and South Africa”. Feed-in tariffs assurance charges for developers, but need certainty on the allowance of renewable electrical power such regulations would consign under localized conditions. Portfolio measures set a repaired amount, which would assurance diversity of supply. The inquiry is if the incremental upfront cost to be paid by humanity may be unacceptably high, in evaluation to future wellbeing and ecological benefits.

Table of Contents

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTII

DECLARATIONIII

ABSTRACTIV

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION1

Background of the study1

Problem Statement1

Research Aims and Objectives2

Significance of the Study3

Rationale/ Nature of the study3

Research Question4

Ethical Concerns5

Limitations and Suggestion for Future Research6

Assumptions & Limitation7

Reliability7

Validity8

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW10

Renewable Energy10

Hydropower12

Solar Power13

Wind Power14

Geothermal And Tidal Power15

Biofuels16

Hydrogen18

Renewable Energies19

Hydroelectric Power20

Solar Energy22

Geothermal Energy24

Wind Energy26

Biomass Energy27

Renewable Energies Have Problems Too29

The Future of Energy31

Energy Policy33

The Future35

Developing World Solutions36

Developed World Responses37

The UNFCCC39

A new model: Renewable Energy as a cornerstone for sustainable development41

CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY45

Research Design45

Qualitative Research45

CHAPTER 4: DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS48

Potential For Renewable Electricity49

Current Policy50

Experience with renewables in South Africa52

Bio-fuels53

Renewable power for grid electrical power generation53

Off-Grid Electricity54

Policy choices for renewable electricity56

Comparing options64

Enabling ...