Leadership



Leadership

Introduction

Leadership is the set of capabilities that a person has to influence a group of people, making a team working with enthusiasm in achieving goals and objectives. It also means the ability to take initiative, manage, hold, promote, encourage, motivate and evaluate a group or team. In the business management, leadership is the exercise of executive activity in a project, effectively and efficiently, whether personal or institutional management (within the organization's administrative process).

Leadership is the process by which a person has authority over other people and motivates, directs and inspires its activities to reach the goals; the spirit of leadership is to have followership. A successful leader is one who helps to develop trust in people to become more independent and then choose the best options based on the desired results. Leaders must have a good understanding of the culture of their place they are leading in because it influences how to respond to the people effectively. He is honest, responsible and intelligent. He does not force people to follow him, but he inspires them so that they want to follow him (Giuliani et.al, 2002).

Leadership Styles

There are four types of leaders: paternalist, activist and catalytic leaders. Paternalist leaders, typically demonstrate a patriarchal or matriarchal style of leadership, which is often rooted in relationships of kin. While this closeness may result in greater loyalty of the people toward their leader, this type of leadership may seem rather autocratic and top-down.

Activist leaders are highly motivated, often charismatic and typically focus actively on a single issue. Although their managerial skills are not always the most effective, through their charisma, they often have the ability to instill motivation in their people. In contrast, managerialist leaders typically demonstrate an instrumental ability to manage people.

Catalytic leaders, in their capacity as effective networkers, demonstrate an ability to take a longer-term strategic and holistic approach to managing people effectively. They have the ability to promote and implement change.

Discussion

The generality of the studies devoted to the leadership belongs to the first category, and these studies have failed to discover the traits that distinguish a clear and consistent leader and followers. The leading group is slightly higher, brighter, more outgoing and self-confident. However millions of people have these features and most of them never occupied a leadership position.

Although measurements of personality can become more accurate in the future and some features may not identify with the leadership, the available evidence so far indicates that those who emerge as leaders do not have a single constellation of traits that clearly distinguish them from others.

Attempts to find the features of effective leaders are more recent and are in less number. One study found that traits such as intelligence, initiative and self-confidence were associated with higher administrative levels and good performance.

Most of the studies in this area have also found that good leadership does not depend on a particular set of traits, if not education between these and the demands of the situation that is the subject. Many authors have described leaders and ...