LBGT

Experiences of Social Exclusion amongst Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LBGT) Groups in Higher Education-University of Birmingham

Experiences of Social Exclusion amongst Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LBGT) Groups in Higher Education-University of Birmingham

Literature Review

This chapter of the dissertation incorporates relevant literature on the subject of social exclusion issues relating to Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LBGT) Groups in Higher Education. The purpose of this literature review is to expand the boundaries of our knowledge by exploring some relevant and factual information relating to issues faced by LGBT in high school setting. In this chapter, the author will investigate issues such as Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual identity development, experiences of social exclusion amongst LGBT in High School, and social support and social networks related to the counselling of LGBT studetns. The literature review is to identify, obtain and check various sources and other materials that may be useful for research purposes and to extract and compile relevant information necessary to the research problem.

Purpose of Literature Review

The purpose of this literature review is to explore knowledge that is either directly or indirectly related to the issue of social exclusion among Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LBGT) Groups in Higher Education-University of Birmingham. In order to create understanding regarding social exclusion of LGBT students in UK, we have looked in to problems such as bullying, psychological and emotional issues etc. of LGBT students, which eventually leads to social exclusion.

Defining Social Exclusion

Social exclusion is a multidimensional process of progressive social rupture, which causes the separation of groups and individuals from social relations and institutions, preventing full participation in common and normatively prescribed activities of the society in which they live. In case of LGBT students in UK, social exclusion can result in ostracism of people who do not fit the dominant model of society. Individuals may develop feelings of hatred that may generate negative reactions. Social exclusion can happen to a child during the primary phase of acculturation. The child may be excluded at the social fabric of his early education and his early family socialization. Neglect and abuse can cause mental lapses, social and psychological blockages and stop child's development. It can also lead to the path of deviance and delinquency. Social exclusion is a phenomenon that can result from a process of accumulation of precariousness and social handicaps. It is a multifaceted process reflecting difficulties and a lack of social integration. Unemployment, poverty, divorce, lack of qualification, health problems, and poor integration into family and social networks are factors of uncertainty which frequently lead to social exclusion. Social exclusion can be seen as the result of a personal desire generated by racism, religious extremism or hatred, jealousy, envious society or dominant groups. It can also be the result of discrimination, stigma, and social or racial segregation.

LGBT

LGBT is an acronym used as a collective term to refer Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender groups. Until the sexual revolution of the sixties, there were no words to describe members of these ...