Law Enforcement Partnerships; the Key to Homeland Security



Law Enforcement Partnerships; the Key to Homeland Security

Introduction

The concept of Homeland Security or Internal Security (IS) refers to the protection of society and the state prior to crime, terrorism and similar threats arising from the inside of the society develop itself out. Internal security and external security are increasingly dependent on each other. Homeland Security or Internal Security for any country is first and only a political concept. Its origins date back to the 1960s to the 1970s and were initially linked with the former protest movements and its repression connected. The term is in any way with the public order and safety comparable as a legal definition or identical.

The state policy of Homeland security was initially planned to security of the state against threats from within, as opposed to the external threat in the context of the Cold War to protect. In the 1990s, this objective was not indeed entirely lost, but was extended to the effect that as a good to be protected, the security of the individual citizen has been increasingly at the center. To protect against internal enemies of the state was the protection against international terrorism, but also against organized- added and petty crime. In contrast to the somewhat competing notion of "public safety" implies to Homeland Security as a fundamental presence of uncertainty and threat, responding to the needs of the state. By international legal unifications, the strategic shift to proactive security strategies, the privatization of security and new forms of surveillance (e.g. CCTV) and control of public spaces and private spaces since created new dimensions of Homeland Security. Therefore this paper aims to discuss and analyze the various actors of Homeland Security and its key dimensions with regards to law enforcement agencies and their partnerships.

United States Department of Homeland Security

The Department of Homeland Security United States is a department of the federal American created in June 2003 at the initiative of President George W. Bush, in response to the attacks of September 11, 2001. Its aim is to organize and implement the internal security of the country. Combining 22 federal agencies related to national security, including the U.S. Coast Guard, the Customs (CBP), and the Secret Service, the Border Guards, the Federal Agency for emergencies or the transportation security administration. In 2004, more than 170,000 employees were hired and a budget of 30 billion U.S. dollars was utilized, and in 2010, it has employed around 216,000 employees and a budget of over 50 billion U.S. dollars was utilized. This department is also supported by agencies of the intelligence community including CIA, NSA, and FBI.

The third and current Secretary of Homeland Security is Janet Napolitano since January 2009. The first was Tom Ridge, who was replaced by Michael Chertoff on February 1, 2005. Responsible among other cons-espionage within the U.S. territory, it has great powers of investigation, implementation of the law known as the USA PATRIOT Act. The main task of Homeland Security ministry is ...