LANGUAGE LEARNERS

Second Language Learners

Second Language Learners

Summary of First Article

Researchers have suggested that native speaker of article less language can fluctuate in selecting articles on the basis of definiteness and on specification. This is called as Fluctuation Hypothesis. In fluctuation hypothesis it is assumed that learners have right to access to properties of universal grammar (UG). In these properties they can even chose those which are not initiated in their first language. This is contradicting with Failed Functional Features Hypothesis. Now day's it is also called as Representational Deficit Hypothesis. This says that learners of second language fail to acquire those articles and interpret them which are not present in their first language (Jaensch & Sarko 2009, p. 33).

In this research paper test on Fluctuation Hypothesis was done in two groups in which speakers of learning second language with definite and indefinite which are choose for definiteness. Distinction is allowed between positive specific and negative specific. First group is of Japan speakers who are acquiring German language and other group is of Syrian Arabic speakers learning English as second language. The results show that Fluctuation is responsible for optionality in these learners but there are some other factors also which are responsible (Jaensch & Sarko 2009, p. 33).

Summary of Second Article

In this research paper it is studied that learners of English language face difficulties in acquiring articles as it is their second language. In this paper suggestion are given on the presence of binary parameter for articles, definiteness and specificity. Those learners of Russian and Korean speakers who are learning English as their second language lack in choosing appropriate articles. They fluctuate in encoding either definiteness or specificity. On the other hand learners of Greek and Spanish acquiring English as their second language do not have same pattern of encoding definiteness. In ...