After the period of the Second World War, the Japanese automotive industry was declining. It is highly important to note that the industry itself had a lot of issues and the effects of the war could still be faced. However, there was a critical as well as an urgent need for a change in the management of the industry. Thus, the modern management theories were applied at that time. Another highly important thing to note here is that the American automotive industry dealt in the production of batches or large amounts at once. This is known as ...