ISLAMIC CIVILISATION

Title: Historical Account of Rise of Islam and Islamic Civilisation

Historical Account of Rise of Islam and Islamic Civilisation

Introduction

Today, Muslims are one of the dominant civilisations. They are present in more than 36 countries from Kingdom of Morocco to Republic of Indonesia. Muslims consist of two sects: the Sunnis and the Shias. During the turn of the first millennium, the Shia developed as a distinct sect. The Shia employed more rituals in their religious ceremonies, similar to pagan practices, than Sunnis displayed. The religious and ideological differences between the Shia and Sunni sects seem relatively minor to those who are not of the faith. They have a different set of hadith or traditions and practice different forms of sharia. A significant difference is the Shia veneration of the institution of the imam. To Sunnis, the caliph was the spiritual and political leader of the ummah. However, his authority was temporal. To the Shias, the authority of the imam was divine, infallible and without sin. These divine qualities made the imam able to bridge the gap between the visible worlds and the great beyond. For 14 centuries, a small group of Arabia, it became vast masses of people of different nationalities, different languages, different social backgrounds and cultural orientations.

Islamic Civilisation

Of the great religions of humanity, Islam was the last to appear. Announced by one man, Muhammad, a little more than a century, was adopted by many inhabitants of the vast empire that the Muslims conquered and ruled more or less until the tenth century. Since that time, Islam became the flag of a number of people, who for centuries had fought for hegemony in a large area occupied by the Middle East and western Asia, with branches in southeast Europe and Africa. In the seventh century, Muhammad began to preach a new religion, which was laying the foundations for the birth of a civilisation in many respects. It is misleading to think of Islam as simply a faith or belief. In fact, Islam is a practice, the action of submitting one's life to God. More accurately, the practices of Islam are intimately bound up into the beliefs and ideas of Islam, and vice versa.

Islamic civilisation was predominantly urban in all territories except Egypt, where the Nile was forcing the population to a suburb. During the beginning years of Islam, the economic life of the Muslim world settled mainly on three activities that were conditioned each other: the agricultural, industrial crafts and trade. Agricultural production was a volume that allowed the population to feed production (artisans and traders) and spend part of the surplus to trade. Meanwhile, the industrial development of craft allowed for greater business activity and the implementation of a market economy also had an impact on agriculture. With respect to livestock, the breeding of camels was crucial for trade, both as a means of transport, as their own trade (camel market). With respect to the rural world, living conditions were generally worse than those of the urban world, whether it ...