ISCHEMIA AND PHYSIOTHERAPY

Ischemia and Physiotherapy

Ischemia and Physiotherapy

Introduction

Neurology is the branch of medicine that studies the normal function and nervous system disorders. It can be said that the physiotherapy provide techniques and methods in order to enhance recovery after an abnormal function.

The nervous system has two main objectives: to maintain homeostasis (equilibrium conditions inside our bodies) and maintain our relationship with the external environment, that is respond to stimuli by transmitting nerve impulses. For example sensitive to external information strategy is developed and functional levels within our nervous system. The information is captured by receptors on our skin, joints, muscles, all specific and sensitive to certain information (Edlow, 2008 P.p 233-237). Thermoreceptors are for heat nociceptors are for pain). This information is transmitted through the spinal cord to reach the brain. It is here that interprets the information received and develop a plan that will respond to this stimulus. That is when the response (nerve impulses) is propagated back through the nervous system but this time downwards. Information now flows through the spinal cord to reach peripheral nerves transmit charged into muscle action. These are the effectors of the order and in charge of transforming information into an action or movement.

The nervous system consists of two major subsystems:

• Central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord. They are responsible for integrating and linking all the information that reaches them. It is also at this level that we find the source of thought, emotions and memories.

• Peripheral nervous system: what are the cranial nerves (originating in the brain), spinal nerves (spinal cord), ganglia and sensory receptors.

Discussion

The case of Fiona

Fiona is a 59 year old woman who sustained an ischaemic stroke 4 weeks ago, which affected the area supplied by the left anterior and middle cerebral artery. After initial acute management of her stroke she has had 3 weeks of rehabilitation and has now been discharged and is to be treated in her own home. She has her bed downstairs. A commode has been provided. She is receiving support for personal care from her family and social services (Scully & Barnes 1989 P.p 255-256).

SMART Goals

These goals help in achieving the success.

Specific: Describe precisely the situation and achieve outcomes. The objective is clear and unequivocal. Fiona had an ischaemic stroke which caused a blood clot. This caused her paralysis. The left side of her body stopped working, even her vision was unclear and also having speech problem. It is adviced that treatement of functional electrical stimulation (FES) should be given to Fioana. This is the use of electorades, that is electric current will be given in oder to stimuli the movement in the limbs. This treatement will be risky as it does bnot have 100% success rate. Plus Fiona's age is to be considered. Too much intensity will not be appropriate.

Measurable: by indicators necessary and sufficient. By answering simple questions, we can know if the goal is achieved or not. After the treatment, FES, Fiona will be asked whether he condition is improving ...