Introduction

Jim Crow Laws were local laws of the United States of America issued between 1876 and 1965. In fact, these laws served to create and maintain racial segregation in all public services, establishing a defined status of "separate but equal" for American blacks and members of other racial groups other than white.

Some examples of Jim Crow laws were the separation in public schools, public places and on public transport and differentiation of bathrooms and restaurants, and those for whites than for blacks. These laws were applied even within the army of U.S. to avoid racial segregation.

Discussion

Jim Crow Laws were separate from black codes of the period 1800-1866, which in turn had reduced rights and civil liberties of African Americans. Racial segregation in schools organized by the states was declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court in 1954 with Brown v. Board of Education. In general, the remaining Jim Crow laws were repealed by the Civil Rights Act of 1964 [1] and the Voting Rights Act of 1965.

Desegregation is perhaps the most major and well-known example of court-driven reform in education, and the literature examining desegregation showcases how courts can employ a commandant- control approach to affect educational governance in cases involving large-scale reform aimed at equal educational opportunity. Although the U.S. Supreme Court has made the most major rulings over the past 50 years in desegregation and has been the primary governmental institution responsible for enacting changes in interpretations of the Constitution to drive desegregation, federal district courts also have been charged with overseeing desegregation at local levels The character of the courts' involvement with educational governance changed dramatically in the second half of the 20th century.

African American has faced serious discrimination if we look back at the history. White considered them inferior to them and if we turn the pages of history we can see that they suffered extreme torture, slavery, penalties and restriction at the hands of the white. One example of such an era is Jim Crow era. After the Civil War, slavery was abolished, but the look

Blacks did not change.

They were still considered inferior, treated as a Savage Society .This was because the blacks came African and Creole in the U.S. not seen as such, but who saw as a society far both in space and cultural. White society seemed to adhere to the Social Darwinism, where the society suitable would be the triumph, while the weakest would be required to work for their Superior.

In the decade preceding the First World War and during world War II was the period during which the White gave extreme torture to Blacks by showing they are at upper level to them. this brought about serious frustrating times for the blacks as they were helpless.

Within these riots the white went to blacks houses, killed them freely and causes damaged to their belonging. The Blacks on the other hand could do nothing to stop them. They were made feel as they were slaves and whites could do naything with ...