INCOME FRAMEWORK AND INTERVENTION PLAN

INCOME Framework and Intervention Plan

INCOME Framework and Intervention Plan

Introduction

English as a second language (ESL) is the study or use of English by speakers of other languages. The INCOME framework was devised to employ inclusive constructs appropriate to the users (who in this case are children and their families who are from minority cultural backgrounds), to include perceptions from a variety of career theories, and to propose a mixture of interventions appropriate for every status.

This paper provides an intervention program for individuals who identify English as a second language by using Hershenson's (2005) culturally inclusive INCOME model. The intervention program has been developed around the status of (Imagining, Informing, Choosing, Obtaining, Maintaining and Exiting) given by Hershenson.

Statement of the Problem

Children and their families who are from minority cultural backgrounds have to face many difficulties in living with the native English language speakers in their countries. The most important problem for them is the ability to speak and understand English language. (Beveridge, 2002)

Discussion

Previously, Intrusive intervention options related to teaching English language have fallen out of favor because of evidence that language forms learned in this manner in the clinic do not transfer well to typical communicative contexts. Furthermore, because teaching focuses on discrete language acts, and there are no planned opportunities for the child to learn language incidentally, success depends to a large extent on the clinician's ability to identify the most appropriate communication targets for each child.

Review of Hershenson's INCOME framework

Imagining Status: It is the first status of Hershenson's INCOME framework. In this status, an individual gets to know that occupations, jobs and work are there or that jobs or occupations that s/he did not previously knew about existence.

iNforming Status: It is the second status of Hershenson's INCOME framework. It is related with getting information about oneself and about the environment of any work.

Choosing Status: It is the third status of Hershenson's INCOME framework. In this status, a person mixes the career information and self-knowledge available to him and, on that foundation, chooses a job, educational program or any occupation.

Obtaining Status: It is the fourth status of Hershenson's INCOME framework. In this, an individual obtains and seeks a work in the area of his selection or in a work directly linked to that area.

Maintaining Status: It is the fifth status of Hershenson's INCOME framework. It entails performing in, adjusting to, and continuing a job or an occupation.

Exiting Status: It is the 6th of Hershenson's INCOME framework. It entails leaving or imagining about leaving (involuntarily or voluntarily) a present place of work. (Hershenson, 2001)

Challenges faced by selected group

Children and their families who are from the countries where English is not spoken have to undergo several troubles in dealing with the native English language speakers. Children from these families have to face additional problems at schools, playgrounds and in society. They are very sensitive so the unawareness of English language brings a lot of hard times for ...