INCENTIVES

The Effect of Demographic Characteristics and Culture on Incentives

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION3

Outline of the Study3

Background of the Study3

Aims and Objectives4

Research Questions4

Research Hypothesis4

Research Philosophy5

Ethical Concern6

Time Scale7

Gantt chart8

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW9

1.Critical Social Theory9

2.ARCS Motivational Model9

3.Demographic Characteristics and Job Performance10

4.The Organizational Theory10

5.Cognitive Evaluation Theory (CET)11

CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY15

Research Approach15

Research Design16

Primary Research16

Research Method17

Research Tools17

1.Work Motivation18

2.Personality Traits19

Study Variable19

Literature Search19

Reliability and Validity19

References22

APPENDIX27

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

Outline of the Study

This study will be based on the topic “The effect of demographic characteristics and culture on incentives”. The first chapter will provide an introduction to the topic including the purpose and significance of the study. The second chapter will present a review of relevant literature, highlighting the previous research carried out in this field. The third chapter will cover the methodology for this study. The analysis of findings and discussion will be presented in the fourth chapter. The fifth chapter will conclude the study, providing implications and useful recommendations for further research.

Background of the Study

Incentives systems are known and used since long time (Laffont and Martimort, 2009).The definition of incentives is almost similar. Most authors define incentives using specific elements. These elements contain individual, performance, action, beneficiaries of the action (Armstrong, 2013; Laffont and Martimort, 2009). Incentives are functional in most aspects of life which may include studying, working, sports etc. The view for incentives is considered through two integrated aspects: social and economic (Henderson and Tulloch, 2008).

The literature correlates incentives to actions and performance (Scotchmer, 2004). In general incentives are employed as activation tool towards irregular objectives of an organization (Laffont and Martimort, 2009; Scotchmer, 2004). In all conditions, there are inputs and outputs. At organizational level, the output may represent the production of a new product or innovation whereas, at individual level, incentive may aim to motivate to perform action (Armstrong, 2013).

Aims and Objectives

This research aims at achieving the following objectives:

•To identify and explore the incentives system in the telecommunication company in AL-Taif city.

•To discover the impact of incentives system (moral/ financial) in motivating employees.

•To analyze the role of organizational culture in designing a particular incentive system.

Research Questions

The study will address the following questions

•What is the incentive system existed in the telecommunication company in AL-Taif city?

•What is the role of incentive system in motivating employees?

•What is the effect of organization culture and demographic characteristics on incentive's system of the telecommunication company in AL-Taif city?

Research Hypothesis

It will be hypothesized that:

H01: There is not significant effect of demographic characteristics of employees on incentives system.

H02: There is not significant effect of organizational culture on incentives system.

Research Philosophy

Research philosophy reflects the assumption made by the researcher. These assumptions affect the strategies and methodology (Saunders et al. 2009). Mostly the philosophical issues are classified to ontological and epistemological. Ontology reflects the main assumptions made by the researcher concerning the nature of reality or about social phenomenon (Saunderet al. 2009). The reality knowledge about phenomenon will shape the understanding of the phenomenon which will affect the consequent actions and decision concerning it (Jackson and Carter, ...