HIV/Aids in Sub-Saharan Africa

Introduction

Sub-Saharan Africa remains the region of the world most severely affected by HIV / AIDS. Eight out of ten children in the world who have lost their parents to AIDS live in sub-Saharan Africa. During last decade, the proportion of children orphaned by AIDS increased from 3.5% to 32% and continues to grow exponentially as the disease will spread unabated. Thus, because of illness, a whole generation of children will consist of orphans, which compromises their health, their rights, their well-being and even their survival, not to mention the overall development of their respective countries.

The use of powerful antiretroviral therapy is largely reduces the risk of development of resistance, but does not eliminate it completely. Low adherence to therapy-related toxicity and complexity of treatments, along using sub-optimal schemes because of economic constraints or irregular supply of drugs has greatly contributed to the emergence of resistant virus Human immunodeficiency. As a consequence antiretroviral therapy inevitably used due to the increasing number of patients with resistant HIV variants. In these patients, there was a gradual increase in viral load and the following followed by reduction of the immune response. In addition, this group of patients is a source of nick spread of drug-resistant HIV variants in the population.

The issue of AIDS tends to turn into a real object of political debate, as can be seen in Africa, where the ruling coalition is severely shaken by the controversial positions of President Thabo Mbeki, in particular public health. It is undeniable that profoundly destabilizing impact on African economies and societies question the ability of the state to ensure its role as protector of the people. Sub-Saharan Africa, AIDS can be seen as a phenomenon existing amplifier serious problems. By increasing migration, disease still destabilize States, and especially the link between the spread of AIDS and population movements is established with certainty. The countries most affected are also those that are most attractive for foreign labour. The disease is increasingly seen as a factor causing new beginnings.

In this regard, we note that the majority of refugee populations in the world are on the African continent in conflict zones, particularly in the Great Lakes region. But the influx of refugees and their concentration camps to disastrous health conditions are all factors in the spread of epidemics in general and AIDS in particular. In Africa, for example, infection rates of refugee populations were multiplied by six.

Finally, the issue of AIDS, explosive in many African countries, reinforces the perception that the disease would be a crucial safety issue. Of the 13 million children orphaned by AIDS in the world, 12 million live in sub-Saharan Africa. This is a real threat especially in Southern Africa and African countries at war. Indeed, the increasing number of "street children", undereducated, malnourished and idle, increases the number of potential army in search of a leader and a direct threat to national security. The most affected population, young adults, is not only that which works, but also one ...