History Test

Answer 1)

The top most important people during the period of 1940-1980 are:

Nazi Rudolf Hess

Rudolf Hess was born in 1894 and died in Spandau Prison in 19. Rudolf Hess was Hitler's deputy leader in the Nazi Party. Hess had been involved with the Nazi Party from its earliest days and was on the march to the Beer Hall that lead to his and Hitler's imprisonment at Landsberg Prison from 1923 to 1924.It was in prison that Hitler dictated "Mein Kampf" to Hess who acted as Hitler's personal secretary while in prison. In fact, Hess was seen by many to be Hitler's most loyal follower. Hess had fought in World War One with a unit from Bavaria (Hillenbrand, pp. 23).

Jean Moulin

Jean Moulin was an able administrator of the French Republic prior to the Second World War and became the youngest prefect in France at the age of 37. Charles de Gaulle called him the primary leader of the French Resistance on French soil and later, as President, decreed his remains be transfered to The Panthéon.

Adolf Hitler

Adolf Hitler (1889-1945) was the founder and leader of the Nazi Party and the most influential voice in the organization, implementation and execution of the Holocaust, the systematic extermination and ethnic cleansing of six million European Jews and millions of other non-aryans. Hitler was the Head of State, Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces and guiding spirit, or fuhrer, of Germany's Third Reich from 1933 to 1945.

Mahatma Gandhi

Mohandas Gandhi is considered the father of the Indian independence movement. Gandhi spent twenty years in South Africa working to fight discrimination. It was there that he created his concept of satyagraha, a non-violent way of protesting against injustices. While in India, Gandhi's obvious virtue, simplistic lifestyle, and minimal dress endeared him to the people.

George Orwell

Eric Blair was born in 1903 in Motihari, Bengal, in the then British colony of India, where his father, Richard, worked for the Opium Department of the Civil Service. His mother, Ida, brought him to England at the age of one. He did not see his father again until 1907, when Richard visited England for three months before leaving again until 1912.

Answer 2)

Modernism

Modernism is a movement that permeated many disciplines, including painting, sculpture, dance, music, literature and philosophy, and was influenced by politics, scientific and technological innovation, and the Industrial Revolution (Terkel, pp. 12). The guiding principles of this movement were a break from old traditions, continual advancement and the fact that art should be valued for being art.

Capitalism

Capitalism is the social system which now exists in all countries of the world. Under this system, the means for producing and distributing goods (the land, factories, technology, transport system etc) are owned by a small minority of people. We refer to this group of people as the capitalist class. The majority of people must sell their ability to work in return for a wage or salary.

Answer 3)

Battle of Britain

Having lost its principal ally, Britain with its Dominions stood alone and awaited a German invasion. Churchill, in ...