HISTORY OF U.S.

History of U.S. in the Second Half of XX Century



History of U.S. in the Second Half of XX Century

Introduction

Of the Second World War, the U.S. went out, will greatly enhance their political and economic influence in the world. The territory of the United States, in contrast to European countries has not been a field of combat, much less than other participants in the war were casualties (they were about 300 thousand people). Supplying the Allies weapons, food, and the U.S. have maintained their Industry and agriculture grew at the same time and the lender around the world. If in 1937 the U.S. share of industrial production as called the capitalist world was 41.4% in 1946 - 59.1%. Having been in possession of atomic weapons, U.S. officials used it for a show of force, hoping that it will also help them to dictate their terms when constructing the postwar world. At the end of 1945 U.S. President Harry Truman said: "Whether we like it or not, we must recognize that victory was won by us laid on the American people the burden of future leadership of the world.”

In preparation for that mission, the administration was engaged strengthening the military sphere. In 1947 he had been reorganized and is subject to unified management of all military, which was introduced to guide Minister of Defense, was created by the National Security Council under the president. At the same time the beginning of its activities the CIA (Central Intelligence Agency). At the same time has deployed network military bases and facilities in the U.S. around the world: in Europe (in states - participants of NATO), the Far East and in the Pacific Ocean, Latin America and the Caribbean, the Middle East, etc. In the 80's, U.S. had about 1,600 military bases and facilities in 34 states, where there were over 500 thousand U.S. troops. So economic leadership supplemented by a military presence in all parts of light (Dunar, 2006).

Every four years, political life in the United States reaches the peaks Activity: Americans elect the president. The main candidates nominate two parties: the Democratic and Republican. This is not only, but the most influential party in the country. Although the Democratic and Republican parties emerged in the nineteenth century, they differ from many traditional political organizations. One of the features is a broad social base of both parties. About them we cannot say how often the case in regard to well-known European parties that this organization large or petty bourgeoisie, workers, or the peasantry. One and the other parties support the people of different social status.

Both have no formal membership (with tickets, membership fees and etc.), the centralized structure of party organizations, long-term political programs. This is the party voters. Their main task was the fight for power during the elections. Democratic National Convention and Republicans tend to be convened in an election year, so approve the election platform and the candidates for president and vice- the ...