History and Development of probation

History and Development of Probation

Introduction

The word probation is from a Latin word “probation”, which means a period to prove oneself and test by others (canton and Hancock, 2007, p.220). According to council of Europe, probation can be defined as the application as described by the act and applied by the felonious (2010, p.2).

History of probation shows that in the Middle Ages device like clergy benefits and sanctuary laws made it evade or reschedule penalty. John Augustus first time amplified probation by assisting the violators of the law through bailing them from jail in 1841. In 1878, Massachusetts passed the first probation law. Later in 1891, another law with an extension to criminal law approved. All the states in 1933 accepted this law. Therefore with the development of cook county juvenile court, 1899, probation was greatly encouraged and adopted as a practice (Diana, L. (1960).

Discussion

Academic probation

It can be defined as the collective cumulative UC GPA remains below 2.0 and BERKLEY GPA remains at 1.5 in a semester. Designing of laws was in such a way the student must reach academic excellence within a given time. Academic probation consists of following requirements:

Attendance is mandatory.

Grades with the minimum of C level achieved if the requirements are not achieved then the student stays on probation period. (Www.Is-probation.berkeley.edu).

Student should not waste time as the study is the first priority.

There is also restriction to student's extracurricular activities to represent the school during probation. However, they are urged to participate after the probation period.

After probation, the results are dispatched to parents, and in case of failure, the student and parents can officially plea the decisions. This is followed by investigations and failure will lead to rejection of appeal (www.waupun.k12.wi.us.com).

Legal probation

In the old criminal laws, the probation has an old ...