Family Theory

Family Theory

Introduction

Albert Bandura's social cognitive theory focused on the reciprocal interface of behavior, cognitive, and other individual factors, and environmental influence on human functioning that has been carefully derived from empirical findings and subjected to repeated tests within many areas of human functioning. Social learning theory and social cognitive theory both given an idea that are important for thinking about learning, motivation and classroom management (Bandura, 1969). Bandura believes that human behavior should be described in terms of the reciprocal interaction between cognitive determinants, behavioral and environmental. And not just for the reinforcement through modeling.

Discussion

The family made up of relatives, that is, those who for reasons of affinity, adoption or other various reasons, have been accepted as members of that community. Families may be constituted by a few members who often share the same residence. Depending on the nature of the relationships among its members, a family can be classified as the nuclear family or extended family. The birth of a family commonly occurs as a result of a previous fracture or union of members from two or more families through the establishment of marriage alliances or other arrangements sanctioned by custom or by law (Lindahl and Malik, 1999).

Theoretical approaches

Social Cognitive TheoryThis theory is based largely on the work of Albert Bandura, who mentions that children learn to behave through instruction (how parents, teachers and other authorities and models tell them to behave), as well as through of observation (how they see adults and their peers behave). In the same way, children should be taught skills through a process of education, testing and feedback before doing so with a simple instruction. Bandura also stressed that self-efficacy, defined as confidence that the individual has over their own abilities to perform various behaviors, it is important to learn and develop socially acceptable behaviors. Thus, the development of skills not only becomes a matter of external behavior, but inner qualities. 

The ecological model

Bronfenbrenner (1987) proposed an ecological perspective of development of human behavior. This perspective views the ecological environment as a set of serial structures and structured in different levels, each one contains the other. The innermost level is formed by the immediate surroundings of the developing person, called MICROSYSTEMS (family, school or work, neighborhood). At the next level are the relations between these immediate settings (ecosystem). On the third level are the settings where the person is not present but is influenced by them (ecosystem). And ...