Ethics & Moral Theories

Ethics & Moral Theories

1- What does the virtue of thing enable it to do, according to Plato?

According to Plato, the virtue of thing enables it to strive for excellence. It is regarded as its proper excellence. Virtue consists in excellent rational activity. Virtue is a habitual way of acting -- not an emotion or a capacity. It can be stated that virtue is actual existence in the form of perfection. Virtue is complete in itself in the sense that anything in its adequate excellence. There are various kinds of virtues including intellectual virtue and moral virtue (Gert, 2005). As per Plato, the excellence of thing empowers it to strive for magnificence. It is viewed as its fitting greatness.

2- What is a just soul able to do more successfully that an unjust soul, according to Plato?

According to Plato, a just soul is able to achieve happiness more successfully than an unjust soul. This leads to pleasure. The parts of the soul are interlinked and correspond together to form favorable circumstances for a person in which he can strive towards achieving excellence, virtues, piety, and happiness. Just souls seek the harmony and serenity in these virtues and acts of justice. The happiness caused by these activities is valuable to personal satisfaction. Therefore, it can be stated that just souls can successfully achieve happiness that unjust souls.

3- How are the parts of a just person's soul organized, according to Plato?

According to Plato, the first part of a just person's soul is logic while the second part is spirited, and the third part refers to appetitive. Logic is part of soul which is concerned with thinking and learning. It is considered as the part which loves the truth and seeks to learn it. Spirited part of the soul is associated with anger and temper. People tend to get angry or get into temper by this part of the soul. Similarly, appetitive part of the soul is linked with necessities such as love, hunger, thirst and other basic desires which typically opposed to the logical part.

4- What makes an act just, according to Plato?

According to Plato, a just act is one that is pious. Plato stated that just acts are morally strong and pious. He connects the idea of piety and justice through various perspectives and aspects stating that the spiritual satisfaction is achieved through acts of justice and equality. Thus, morally good acts are justifiable and ethical right. Later, other philosophers questioned such statements regarding the comprehension of just acts as told by Plato. A just act leads to happiness and virtues. This means that it is tied to the person in many ways.

5- What models would a philosophical ruler consult in transforming a society or person, according to Plato?

According to Plato, the models that a philosophical ruler would consult in transforming a society or person are its members living in harmony with nature and one another. Plato presented the idea of an ideal society, which can ...