Epidemiology of Diabetes

Epidemiology of Diabetes

Introduction

Epidemiology is the study of factors affecting health and illness of populations. This is a discipline that relates to the distribution, frequency and severity of disease states. The study of the distribution and determinants of health events is the basis for the logic of interventions made ??in the interest of public health and preventive medicine

In U.S diabetes is being diagnosed in about 8 million adults, whereas approximately about 90 to 95 percent of which have non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Majority of the studies have shown that unfortunately 8 million of the populations have undiagnosed NIDDM (Rockett, 1999).

Objectives

Describe the principles of diabetes surveillance and the application of epidemiologic methods to chronic disease surveillance.

Describing the development scale of the U.S. diabetes and statistical analysis

What the long term consequences are of poorly controlled Diabetes Mellitus.

The Epidemiology of Diabetes

Diabetes is the failure of the body to metabolize the blood sugar properly has actually affected the Americans badly, thus impacting at the rate of one new case every 55 seconds. Basically diabetes is threatening to the overwhelming of the developing nations as they transfer to the Westernized lifestyle which emphasizes on the sedentary living and rich foods. Etiology of Disease

The epidemiological triangle causal of disease consists of the environment, the agents and the host. A change in any of these three components will alter the existing balance to increase or decrease the frequency of the disease; therefore can be called causal factors or determinants of disease.

The Epidemiologic Triangle

Overview of Diabetes

According to McCusker (2010), Diabetes mellitus, which is more commonly known as diabetes, comes with a big group of diseases that are related to the metabolism. In this disease, a man has to suffer from a number of different diseases, like high level of sugar in the blood, etc. The reason for this problem could be numerous, it could be because the human body loses its ability to develop adequate amount of insulin or cells in the body could stop responding to the insulin, which is being produced by the body. There are three major classes of diabetes,

Type 1 diabetes: This sort of diabetes usually occurs due to the failure of the human body to produce a sufficient amount of insulin, and the affected people have to manually inject insulin into his body. This type of diabetes is also known as “Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.”

Type 2 diabetes: This type of diabetes usually occurs due to resistance of the insulin, i.e. a condition, in which cells in the body could not utilize insulin in a proper way, and sometimes, it is combined with a downright deficiency of insulin.

Gestational diabetes: This type of diabetes occurs during the time, when the women is pregnant, she never had a problem of diabetes ever before, and she posses a very high level of glucose in the blood during pregnancy period (McCusker, 2010).

Pathophysiology Of Diabetes Mellitus

The Role Of Insulin

In 1979 the American Diabetes Association (ADA) published a classification of diabetes. Since the etiology of this disease is ...