Endometriosis

Endometriosis

Introduction

Endometriosis is a condition of the uterus in which the cells lining the uterus, called as the endometrial cells, start to proliferate and abnormal development of tissues outside the uterus to other organs of the body. The distribution of these abnormal cells through the body is recognized by the appearance of foci or lesions in the ovaries, uterine ligaments, and recto-vaginal septum. The abnormal cell development is the result of excessive hormonal stimulation. The hormones which help to build up the uterine lining every month (estrogen and progesterone) also help in the stimulation and growth of these misplaced cells. These abnormal cells act like the normal cells which are present inside the uterine cavity, and start developing and shedding blood during menstruation. The blood flow from these cells deposits in the surrounding areas to become scar like lesions, causing pain and discomfort. (Borghese et al., 2008; Bulun, 2009; Ngo et al., 2009)

The development of endometriosis in women has been associated with genetic, hormonal and immune factors which have postulated to increase the susceptibility of this disease.

Discussion

SOAP Note

Subjective

Patient's Name: Jacqueline Sheen

Patient and Setting: Jacqueline, a 32 years old woman in the emergency department.

The compliant: for the past 7 months, the patient is having excessively heavy periodic bleeding and chronic pelvic pain. 1 month ago she had a miscarriage of 5 weeks old. At the moment, she is having excessive bleeding more than before and suffering from pelvic pain and menstrual cramping.

Surgical History: non contributory

Social and Family History: Mother: HTN; father: died at the age of 65 S/P. Tobacco: quit × 10 Years; 40 pack-year history. Currently; she lives with her husband who is a mechanic, she has 3 children. No one in the family was diagnosed Endometriosis.

Allergies: Enalapril

Objective

BP 120/65, HR 65 BMI 26.5, creatinine ~ 29 mL / min, 55 kg ...