Effective Measure to Reduce Particular Pollution: A Comparison of Local Government and the Department Of Transport

by

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to present my immense gratitude to my parents and teachers. I am thankful to my supervisor for his endless support. I also would like to appreciate my colleagues and friends for supporting me throughout the research work of this thesis/dissertation.

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DECLARATION

I declare that all the content and research work of this thesis/dissertation is my own work. This thesis/ dissertation have not been submitted to any other institution. All the content of this thesis/ dissertation presents my own idea.

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ABSTRACT

This main theme of this particular research study is to examine the effective measures taken by local government and the department of transport to reduce particular pollution. In UK particular pollution is one of the major problems of concern. The local government and department of transport have taken different measures to overcome this major issue. There were a large number of research study has been conducted on traffic exposure in Europe. The term particulate pollution is also referred to as the airborne particulate matter which involved dust, dirt, smoke and many other liquid droplets which are omitted into the air. The studies have also mentioned that the particulate pollution is also a complex mixture of various kinds of organic and inorganic substances. It can also be classified by their chemical composition which can also have adverse affect on the health of individuals. 95% of Europe's urban population breathes small particles suspended in the air. These particles are harmful to health and considered one of the most harmful pollutants by its penetration into the respiratory system. After analyzing the existing literature and research work related to possible measures to reduce road traffic particulate pollution the survey questionnaire for this particular research study is designed. To obtain reliable results, the questionnaires survey is conducted with the students of different universities and employees of different organizations in UK who use public transport. As the main focus of this research study is to compare the effectives of measures taken by department of transport and local government of UK. The findings of Pearson correlation analysis for particulate pollution and steps taken by UK government for overcoming the problems is 0.712 and for particulate pollution and steps taken by department of transport (DoT) for overcoming the problems is 0.688. So it can be said that people are more satisfied with the steps taken by local government for reducing the particulate pollution.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTII

DECLARATIONIII

ABSTRACTIV

CHAPTER # 1: INTRODUCTION1

Background of the Study1

Problem Statement1

Aims and Objective of the Study2

Research Questions2

Significance of the Study3

Dissertation Disposition3

CHAPTER # 2: LITERATURE REVIEW4

Particulate pollution4

Pollution in UK5

Adverse effects of Particulate Pollution in UK7

UK government and particulate pollution8

Effect of road traffic pollution9

CHAPTER # 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY11

Introduction11

Research Design11

Research Approach11

Research instrument12

Justification for Research Instrument13

Population13

Sampling technique13

Sample size14

Data Analysis14

Validity and Reliability15

Ethical consideration15

CHAPTER # 4: RESEARCH FINDINGS17

Introduction17

Questionnaire Analysis17

Correlation Analysis29

Summary31

CHAPTER # 5: DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION32

Discussion on Research Questions32

Conclusions35

REFERENCES39

APPENDIX43

Questionnaire43

CHAPTER # 1: INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

The particulate matter (PM) pollution is associated with adverse human health ...