Edward Chace Tolman

Edward Chace Tolman



Edward Chace Tolman

  

Edward Chace Tolman (1886 - 1959) was an American  psychologist. He was most well renowned for his investigations on behavioral psychology. Born in West Newton, Massachusetts, male sibling of CalTech physicist Richard Chace Tolman, Edward C. Tolman revised at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and obtained his Ph.D. from Harvard University in 1915. Most of his vocation was expended at the University of California, Berkeley (from 1918 to 1954), where he educated psychology. (TOLMAN 1955)

Tolman is best renowned for his investigations of discovering in rats utilising mazes, and he released numerous untested items, of which his paper with Ritchie and Kalish in 1946 was likely the most influential. His foremost theoretical assistance came in his 1932 publication, Purposive Behavior in Animals and Men, and in a sequence of papers in the Psychological Review, "The determinants of demeanour at a alternative point" (1938), "Cognitive charts in rats and men" (1948) and "Principles of performance" (1955). (Tolman 1992)

Although Tolman was solidly behaviorist in his methodology, he was not a fundamental behaviorist like B. F. Skinner. As the name of his 1932 publication shows, he liked to use behavioral procedures to gain an comprehending of the mental methods of humans and other animals. In his investigations of discovering in rats, Tolman searched to illustrate that animals could discover details about the world that they could subsequently use in a flexible kind, other than easily discovering self-acting answers that were triggered off by ecological stimuli. In the dialect of the time, Tolman was an "S-S" (stimulus-stimulus), non-reinforcement theorist: he drew on Gestalt psychology to contend that animals could discover the attachments between stimuli and did not require any explicit biologically important happening to make discovering occur. This is renowned as latent learning. The competitor idea, the much more ...