ECONOMICS

Critical perspective essay on English Literature

Critical perspective essay on English Literature

Introduction

The Marx German ideology and Lacan psychoanalytic theory has prominent place in economics and English literature across the globe. Both theories help contribute in understanding human nature and their implications on cultural, economical and literary texts. The German Ideology was introduced by famous economists Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in year 1846. The German ideology is also known with the name of as materialistic conception theory of history. Many researchers and scholars state it as Marx's finest and most valuable contribution in understanding the history of Marx's theory (Sarup, 1992). The Marx German Ideology is based on material conditions which plays significant role in their decision of production for the living.

On the other hand, Lacan's psychoanalytic theory is based on exploring the discoveries of human structured linguistics and anthropology. The theory was proposed by Jaques Lacan by re-conceptualizing the theory of post structuralism earlier proposed by Sigmund Freud. The Lacan emphasized on the concept of unconscious mind which plays the significant role in decision of production for humans. The theory is later revised by Madan Sarup which introduces the concepts of Lacan post structuralism and postmodern theory in new contexts. The major contrast of Marx and Lacan theories are while Marx emphasized on the theory of materialistic element in creation of self and other human decision making, Lacan emphasized greatly on language of decisions of self, sexual, and psychic life (Ellmann, 1994).

Discussion

Similarities between Theories

The Marx theory discovered that human distinguished themselves from the other creatures as soon as they find means to produce for their subsistence. Following that they coincides their production decision regarding how to produce and what to produce. Marx argued that human conditions are largely depended on material conditions which determine their production. He also argued in his theory that division of labor largely signifies the production behavior and forces of any nation. In addition, he discussed that the degree of ownership is largely depended on division of labor (Elliott, 1994). He discussed in his book “The German Ideology” regarding ruling class. He linked that material force of society is directly linked with ruling intellectual force of any society. This is how their ability to regulate the production and distribution decisions at every particular age determines their ideals and new ruling class. He further stated that ruling class in society becomes universal and will remain forever when each new ruling class coincidently implement the ideas and organized methods of production and distribution that have become have universal in their society. Hence, Marx main focus is on the historical development of human nature (Marx, 1998).

The Lacan psychoanalysis has many similarities with Karl Marx the German ideology theory with perspective to human development. While the main focus of Karl Marx is on the historical development when human consciously mould their materialistic, thinking and ideological conditions, Lacan psychoanalysis theory contrast with consciousness which asserted that historical development of human nature is unconscious which leads to social construct not ...