DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH

Development Research of Manchester & Pre 1970 Dwelling-House



Table of Content

Part A3

Introduction3

Research the Development of Manchester3

Introduction to City3

Railway Stations5

Retail6

Housing: Eight Examples of Architectural Styles7

Industry9

Leisure11

Transport11

Part B12

House type base cases12

Energy efficiency measures Pre 1970 Dwelling-House15

i Internal insulation17

Insulated studwork18

Rigid insulation board18

ii External insulation20

New Dwellings Houses22

Standard Assessment Procedure (SAP)22

Energy Performance Certificates (EPC)24

References25

Development Research of Manchester & Pre 1970 Dwelling-House

Part A

Introduction

This assignment has been divided into two parts, i.e. part A & B; as per the requirements the part A of the assignment will be mainly focusing on a selected town or a city of United Kingdom and for this purpose Manchester city has been selected. This part will present research on the development of Manchester in terms of its architecture and its physical layout with eight examples of architectural work. In this section, providing an individual portfolio in a form of report we will research the different land uses of the town such as retail, housing, industry, leisure, transport etc, and the way that these uses have developed alongside each other through history.

Development Research of Manchester

Introduction to City

The geographical divisions of the region give rise to a great deal of confusion. Outsiders invariably refer to the wider region of the North West of England as "Manchester" (Giddens, 2001). Geographical terms like "Manchester", "Lancashire" or "Greater Manchester" are freely interchanged as if they all meant the same thing - much to the annoyance of the many residents of the 10 towns which now make up the Greater Metropolitan County of Manchester. This characteristic is not unique to North West England, of course.

Manchester is, first and foremost, a city, with a clear boundary marking where it ends and where Stockport, Salford, Oldham, or any of the other 9 Metropolitan Boroughs begin. Manchester is also one of the discreet Boroughs of Greater Manchester Metropolitan County which was invented in 1974 as an administrative entity (Giddens, 2001). At that time its new Metropolitan boundaries were created, comprising 2 cities in their own right (Manchester and Salford), six towns (formerly County Boroughs - Bury, Bolton, Oldham, Stockport, Rochdale and Wigan), and 2 newly created boroughs - Tameside and Trafford. These last two stand out as somewhat of an oddity as there is no geographical place called Tameside or Trafford. For more than a decade after 1974 the county had a two tier system of local government, whereby district councils shared power with the Greater Manchester County Council. The county council was abolished in 1986, and the metropolitan boroughs effectively became unitary authority areas. However, the metropolitan county has continued to exist in law and as a geographic frame of reference, and as a ceremonial county, has a Lord Lieutenant and a High Sheriff.

Several county-wide services were co-ordinated through the Association of Greater Manchester Authorities up until April 2011, when the Greater Manchester Combined Authority was established as the strategic county-wide authority for Greater Manchester, taking on functions and responsibilities for economic development, regeneration and transport. The title of "Greater Manchester" is a largely convenient entity for ...