DATA ANALYSIS

Data Analysis

Data Analysis

Requirement No. 1

Data Summary

Statistics

identification code

birth weight category

age of mother (years)

Weight at last menstruation

ethnic group

smoked during pregnancy

birth weight (grams)

Weight at 3 months (grams)

N

Valid

175

175

175

175

175

175

175

175

Missing

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Mean

119.97

.32

24.19

58.5401

1.86

.38

2928.81

4960.85

Median

123.00

.00

24.00

54.4300

1.00

.00

2977.00

4872.00

Std. Deviation

62.742

.468

3.930

13.71832

.931

.487

708.017

1345.774

Variance

3936.516

.219

15.441

188.192

.866

.238

501287.399

1811108.886

Minimum

4

0

16

36.29

1

0

709

1531

Maximum

225

1

33

113.40

3

1

4593

8412

From the above statistics which shows the data summary, the mean values of the all the variables that are used in analyzing the data can be observed. The key values are the means and the standard deviation which are imperative to study as these values are showing the precision of the data which has been gathered. In this context, it can be said that the mean of weight at 3 months and the birth weight are higher as compared to other variables. Moreover, the standard deviation of weight at 3 months and also the birth weight shows that there is too much deviation from the mean values in comparison to the other variables.

Requirement No. 2

Null and Alternative Hypotheses

HO1: There is a relationship between whether or not the baby was of low birth weight and age of mother.

HA1: There is no relationship between whether or not the baby was of low birth weight and age of mother.

HO2: There is a relationship between whether or not the baby was of low birth weight and mother's weight at last menstrual period.

HA2: There is no relationship between whether or not the baby was of low birth weight and mother's weight at last menstrual period.

HO3: There is association between whether or not the baby was of low birth weight and ethnic group of mother.

HA3: There is no association between whether or not the baby was of low birth weight and ethnic group of mother.

HO4: There is association between whether or not the baby was of low birth weight and smoking during pregnancy of mother.

HA4: There is no association between whether or not the baby was of low birth weight and smoking during pregnancy of mother.

Statistical Test and Assumptions

For the first and second hypotheses, correlation analyses are used. The correlation is an expression of the direction and strength of a linear relationship. The correlation is measured by a correlation coefficient. Typically this can take values ??between -1 and +1 (Horvath, Peter & Otter, 2002, 53-66). The values ??-1 and +1 means that the variables are correctly and completely negatively correlated positively correlated. The strength decreases the more the value approaches 0. A value of 0 indicates zero correlation (Abu-Mulaweh & Mueller, 2006, 211-217). Moreover, the correlation coefficient is a measure of the correlation between variables. The two important coefficients are product moment correlation coefficient and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (Canal & Micciolo, 2007, 305-311). A correlation analysis has as main objective to explain the association of two variables aimed at finding a linear combination, for every sets of the variable, to maximize the probable correlation between groups. The analysis of variables (obtained by linear combination) can be very useful in the study of multivariate dependencies (Fujiwara, 2009, 119). In the field “parameters” should be the name of the variables listed in the first group followed by the reserved word “with” and ...