CULTURAL THEORY

Cultural Theory



Cultural Theory

IntroductionAccording to the statement, Raymond Williams argued that 'Cultural theory is about the way in which the specifics of works relate to structures which are not the works'. Culture can be defined as a society and man, expressed in the types and forms of organization of human life and activity, as well as how they create material and spiritual values. All modern approach to the Marxist theory of culture must begin by considering the pro-determining position of a base and a determined superstructure. From the point of view, it is not strictly theoretical, of course, this point we would choose to begin the analysis. From some prospects would be better that we start from a proposition that originating necessarily be equally central, equally authentic: that is, the proposition that social being determines consciousness (Hendrix, Jackson, 2003, pp. 177). However, the transition takes place from Marx to Marxism, and the development of their co- main stream of Marxism, the proposition of a determining base and superstructure, completion commonly held as the key Marxist cultural analysis.Theory of cultureThe concept of culture is used to characterize the material and spiritual level of development of certain historical periods, social and economic structures, of societies, peoples and nations (e.g. ancient culture, socialist culture), as well as areas of activity or life (work culture, arts Culture, Culture of Life). The concept of culture originally means targeting the human impact on nature, as well as education and training of the individual. Education includes not only the development of skills to follow existing rules and customs, but also to encourage the desire to follow them, formed a culture of confidence in the ability to meet all the needs and desires of man. This defines the peculiar understanding of culture in any society. The word culture came into use in European social thought from the 2nd half of the 18th century. More or less similar views can be found in the early stages of European history and beyond. The Greeks saw in the Paideia, i.e., good manners, its main difference from the uncivilized barbarians. In the Late Roman era, along with the ideas transmitted by the basic meaning of the word culture was born, and in the Middle Ages spread a different set of values, commended the city way of social life and closer to the notion has arisen within a civilization. The word culture has become associated more with evidence of excellence, first religious. In the Renaissance, a perfect match began to understand the culture of the humanistic ideal of man, and in the future - the ideal of the Enlightenment (Zimmerer, 2006, pp. 63). Culture is understood as something positive that means promotes the development of morality, strength, and happiness. The progress of culture is related decline of morality and that the natural (natural) mutilates artificial (cultural), seemed extraordinary and elaborate delusion. Since, 20th century radically changed attitude toward progress in general, including the progress of civilization and cultural. In an age of world wars, the unprecedented scope of economic, social, political and spiritual violence ...