COUNSELLING THEORIES

Counselling Theories

Counselling Theories

Introduction

Counselling psychology can be defined as a branch of modern science, aimed at the study of the structure and the laws of the process of psychological counselling. The emergence of counselling psychology was prepared by the whole course of development of psychology from the beginning of the XXI century. At various stages in the development of psychology emerged and became its various relevant industries (Ray, 2009, pp 23-45).

The professional and vocational orientation is one of the references of performance from the professional who is responsible of a school `s Orientation Department. Through the theoretical perspectives we centre its basis, to go from the analysis of the vocational Behaviour to introduction of the most significant patterns, ending with our proposal of vocational guiding pattern. Psychological science has emerged as the science of the laws of mental activity aimed at studying such a complex object as a psychic. First, the authors were interested in the most general laws of mental activity.

Discussion and analysis

The line of research is also starting to run out. The focus of analysis increasingly shifts towards a uniqueness that cannot be typology. Now we often talk about the uniqueness, the unpredictability of each person. Naturally, there are general patterns of mental and typologies, such as temperament, character justified. But we are coming more and more to those aspects that cannot be investigated by the old paradigms. This fact corresponds to the emergence and development of humanistic psychology.

It also lays the foundations and counselling psychology. When they began to explore the uniqueness and learn its laws, to use these laws in practice to help a specific person, rather than the laws of the mind the subject of scientific analysis have started to become more and more patterns of dialogue, allowing working with personality. Research focus has shifted from the differences of individual differences to differences in the way of dialogue, the differences in the forms of organization of the relationship between the specialists, have an impact, and the client (Sheldon, 1995, 56-78).

Counselling Psychology When Working With Clients

Psychological counselling is also organized in a special way - in the form of a dialogue - interpersonal interaction. Therefore, both the description and the study of psychological counselling suggest the need to examine the specifics of interpersonal relationships psychologist with the client:

Compared to ordinary forms of interaction;

From other forms of professional communication (teaching, health, etc.)

One of the most important problems of the study of psychological counselling covered in this issue is the problem of the relation of psychological counselling and psychotherapy. This problem is often seen as a problem of the relation of medical and non-medical approaches to psychological help, the problem of positions entered into helping people's attitudes (Charema, 2004). A variety of trends, movements, schools, and specific methods of psychotherapy, based on various theoretical and methodological approaches that leads to the fact that at present there is no single definition of counselling and psychotherapy. Some of them are well-bred counselling and psychotherapy, psychotherapy relating to medicine, ...