Compare and contrast the responses of Japan, China, and India to Western Imperialism

Compare and contrast the responses of Japan, China, and India to Western Imperialism

Introduction

The paper will provide the comparison and contrast of Western Imperialism on China, Japna and India. Imperialism is defined an unequal territorial and human relationship which is in the form of empire based on the practices and authority of being dominant and involve the control of one state and people over one another on the basis of extension of authority (Carroll, 2006). This concept is considered negative as it includes the exploitation of native people. There are two subtypes of imperialism which include regressive imperialism which is identified with unambiguous exploitation, pure contest settlement of people in those territories and termination or reduction of people. The example on this basis is of Nazi Germany. Second kind of imperialism is considered as progressive imperialism which is base don the cosmopolitan view of humanity. It promotes the spread of civilization to elevate culture and living standards for the societies which are backward and allow them to understand the imperial society such as Brisitsh Empire and Roman Empire (Becker, 2006). Imperialism has been found in histories ofmany countries such as Japan, China, Rome, Greece, Persia and ancient India and Egypt. This term has been applied to Western Economic and political dominanace in the 19th and 20th century.

Comparison of India, China and Japan

Western Imperialism and China and Japan

In 20th Century, China was disrupted by an anti-foreign uprising known as the Boxer Rebellion. After suppressing the rebellion of the European great powers including a fledging newcomer to the colonial game, the United States imposed a security on China which effectively forced it to yield to Western imperialism which was the beginning of the end for the last of China's great dynasties. Having come late into the game of imperialism that European nations had long played, the United States by the end of the 19th century, advocated an Open Door Policy with regard to China. The policy was actually first proposed by a British customs official, Alfred E. Hippisley, but U.S. secretary of state John Hay took it up enthusiastically as a policy under which all nations would have equal trading and development rights in China (Kidwai, 2008).

None of the nations involved ever intended to adhere unconditionally to this policy and the interests of China itself were largely neglected in arriving at it. All the foreign interfering had so far resulted in an uprising spearheaded by military units in the north called the Righteous Harmony Fists a name that yielded the label Boxers in the foreign press. Ending in the virtual partitioning of China, the Boxer Rebellion highlighted the intense distrust of the West in China. As far back as the early 1700s, a fringe religious group preached that through shadowboxing and other forms of calisthenic rituals, its followers would achieve supernatural powers most notably invulnerabile to gunfire. A mixture of Confucianism, Zen Buddhism, and Tao, the Righteous and ...