CLONING

Cloning

Cloning

Nuclear Transplantation Process

The technique of human cloning is the artificial generation of human embryos and asexual. This procedure involves the egg and sperm. The core theme of human cloning is reproduction, which means the creation of a human embryo. The first step of cloning involves removing the nucleus of the egg (which contains half of the hereditary information). The nucleus of any cell in the human body replaces the removed nucleus (which contains the complete genetic information). Finally, cell division begins after the application of the stimulus. At this time, the human embryo begins to develop.

It is significant to emphasize that the life of a human being begins after the fertilization of the egg by sperm, which has the entire genetic information. During the process of cloning, the life of a human embryo begins with the transfer of the nucleus, which has the entire genetic information. Cloning, by the splitting of an embryo, is a process, which is similar to what occurs at the birth of the identical. When the embryo consists of 4 or 8 cells, each of which is totipotent (can cause elements of all orders), and when separated from the others, may produce an identical embryo. The artificial separation is the cloning twin fission or fission.

Cloning by nuclear transfer or nuclear transplantation involves the transferring of the nucleus (and, therefore, most of the genetic material) from a cell of an existing egg, replaces the core egg. This egg, now an embryo, divided by the application of electricity, and guided by its new genetic material to develop into a being that is genetically almost identical to that from whom the extraction of nucleus takes place. Nuclear transfer may achieve pregnancy in patients with poor egg quality without losing the genetic, maternal component. However, today, this technique is still experimental and has not yet been tested in patients.

Kass's Arguments against Cloning

Leon Richard Kass is a bioethicist, who was born on the 2nd of February, 1939. He is famous for leading the effort to halt research on embryonic stem cells and cloning, as he was the director of "President's Council on Bioethics" during 2002-2005. Leon Kass's thinking about the cloning of humans is that, as we are concerned, depersonalize human reproduction would have significant influence on future generations and ultimately result in the degradation of man.

There are various arguments, which. Kass produce in “The Wisdom of Repugnance”. He wrote this essay after the cloning of the lamb Dolly took place (Kass, 1997).

According to one of his arguments, the process of cloning results in a feeling of disgust among humans, which indicates that human cloning, is unacceptable and morally wrong (Kass, 1997).

In addition, Kass also presents further arguments by discussing his view of the “custom baby”. According to this argument, the person who has control over the cloning process can decide on the end results. The person, who decides to have cloning of another person or himself, has the liberty to decide about the genetic makeup of the ...