Cloning

Abstract

Cloning is the scientific procedure that involves taking the genetic material of an organism to obtain an identical, called clone. Through cloning, there is a union of egg with sperm. The progress of knowledge and the resulting technical advances in molecular biology, genetics and artificial fertilization has made possible, for some time, experimentation and implementation of cloning of plants and animals. There is a fine distinction to be between reproductive and therapeutic cloning. The first is to give birth to a genetically identical individual to another, as is the case of Dolly the sheep. While therapeutic cloning is to clone cells and use them to recreate tissues or organs to treat patients.

Cloning

Thesis Statement

“The technology of cloning is a terrifying threat to morality, so that human cloning should be prohibited.”

Introduction

In biological frameworks, Cloning is a commonly used and hotly-debated term. Medical advancements on cloning share public opinion and provoke debate on bioethics. The word clone comes from Greek and means “klon” which means a small branch or a sapling. Cloning refers to obtaining one or more individuals from a somatic cell or a nucleus of another individual, so that cloned individuals are identical or nearly identical to the original (Brown, 1995). The term "cloning" was first used in the year 1903, pointing to the origin of plants propagated by asexual reproduction. Finally, cloning is also often regarded as biotech methods, used to obtain clones of artificial organisms, cells or molecules. The group of genetically identical organisms or cells is called a clone. There is a fine distinction between reproductive and therapeutic cloning. The first is to give birth to a genetically identical individual, as is the case of “Dolly-the sheep”. While therapeutic cloning is to clone cells and use them to recreate tissues or organs to treat patients (Blackford, 2007).

Scientists, who developed the technique of cloning, learn to convert somatic cells in sex. They were able to induce somatic cells to divide, as the sex. As inherent in the genetic code of a cell, it will build the body from which it derived somatic cell. Thus, the human body can be repeated. This research paper demonstrates an understanding and knowledge about “cloning” from a biological perspective, in order to study the topic in detail. We would refer to a detailed discussion in the next section, followed by a conclusion in the end.

Discussion

Reproductive Cloning and Therapeutic Cloning

Reproductive cloning means the reproduction of one or more living beings from a person called the donor, who has exactly the same genetic makeup as the latter. This type of cloning is that the exact reproduction of a living being. It is almost universally criticized and banned. We will see in detail the arguments against human reproductive cloning in the section on ethics.

Therapeutic cloning is a technique for producing living material, in order for a transplant. Obtaining the tissue which is needed directly from a somatic cell of the individual patient ensures no risk of rejection. The application of this type of cloning remains ...