CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE

Chronic Renal Failure

Abstract

In this research we try to discover the insight of “Chronic Renal Failure” in a holistic perspective. The key heart of the study is on “Chronic Renal Failure” and its relation with “Nursing”. The research also examines various characteristics of “Chronic Renal Failure” and tries to measure its effects. Lastly the research illustrates a variety of factors which are responsible for “Chronic Renal Failure” and tries to describe the overall effect of it.

Table of Contents

Introduction1

CKD Treatment2

Clinical Care Guidelines4

Review of and Recommendation Concerning Cost Effective Screening, Diagnosis & Treatment of CKD4

Recommendation 1: Setting Consensus4

Recommendation 2: Awareness Strategies' Formulation5

Recommendation 3: Clinical Practice Guidelines6

Recommendation 4: Enhancement of Data Surveillance7

Recommendation 5: Increasing Awareness8

Recommendation 6: Disease Management Programs9

Conclusion12

References13

Chronic Renal Failure

Introduction

Renal failure is the result of pathologies (diseases) on the Renals and is characterized by a reduced number of nephrons. The nephron is a small, functional unit whose main constituent is the glomerulus. The glomerulus is a tiny sphere or blood filtration occurs and where the urine is developed so primitive. Chronic Renal Disease, or CKD, is one of contributing factors for Renal failure. CKD is a severe public health problem associated with increasing incidence rates, rising healthcare costs, and high rates of mortality from co morbid conditions. In the US, based on 2008 data, the United States Renal Data System (USRDS) reports:

An estimated 33 million Americans, 16 percent of the population, have Renal disease.

Approximately 550,000 patients are undergoing dialysis or have had a Renal transplant to sustain life; In 2008, 88,620 people died of Renal failure; and

Medicare costs reached $59.4 billion and almost $26.8 billion respectively for CKD and End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) in 2008 (Dubose, 2006).

Chronic renal failure (CRF) is the condition that results from permanent damage and irreversible secondary kidney function loss in the operation and number of nephrons. Globally, the most frequent causes (but not limited to) Chronic Renal Disease are: diabetes , the hypertension , obstructive disease of the urinary tract (such as stones , tumors , etc.).. It may be the complication of a large number of kidney diseases such as IgA nephropathy (Berger's disease), inflammatory diseases of the kidneys (together called glomerulonephritis ), pyelonephritis , chronic urinary retention , and use of toxic drugs to the kidney (especially contrast media and some antibiotics ). The end-stage renal failure (ESRF) or (ESRF) is the final result, which usually requires dialysis until a donor is found for a kidney transplant (Levey, 2009).

In most cases, renal function deteriorates slowly over several years and gives few symptoms initially, allowing the patient does not feel many things despite having anemia and even have high levels of toxins in the blood. When the patient feels bad, usually we are dealing with very advanced cases of the disease in which most of the time it is necessary to promptly initiate therapy to replace the function of kidney dialysis (Jaar, 2008).

Anyone can suffer from kidney disease, but the highest risk are diabetics, hypertensives, and the families of people suffering from kidney ...