Chinese History

Chinese History

Introduction

The amazing success of the Communist International in China between 1921 and 1926, followed by the disaster in the Chinese Communists in April-July 1927 while collapses Stalin's China policy, have long impressed the minds and attracted an abundant literature. Knowledge of the Chinese revolution in France has long past by reading The Human Condition by André Malraux (1933) and The Tragedy of the Chinese Revolution by Harold Isaacs (1938, first English edition). In the heated debate that lasted since then between historians from decade to decade, two theories have prevailed (Shirk, 1993). That of Harold Isaacs, specifically, a brilliant recovery by Isaac Deutscher, focuses on the theory of socialism in one country promoted Stalin. The vision of the Georgian National Communist supposed to be ensured the hegemony of the Kuomintang (KMT) on the Chinese revolution reduced solely to its anti-imperialist. In this context, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) was sacrificed. He mainly had to stay in the KMT, whatever the cost. Other historians, like Conrad Brandt, rather have the Chinese question in the Communist International as an episode of Trotsky-Stalin conflict in the USSR. The Chinese Communists are just pawns in a game being played, in fact, in Moscow.

Discussion

The contemporary situation of China is of great interest because in the past three decades, its development model has led to spectacular economic growth and an important social change. As an example, consider the following facts. During the period 1978-2006, China achieved an average annual growth of 9.6% in gross domestic product (GDP). In the past thirty years China's real GDP multiplied thirteen times, real GDP per capita nine times and real consumption per capita over six times. According to the World Bank, China contributed 0.5 percentage points to global economic growth of 3.9% in 2006 (Kissinger, 2011).

In addition, the overall influence of the Asian country can be appreciated when one considers that China is already the largest producer and consumer of many key industrial and agricultural products such as steel, cement, coal, fertilizer, color televisions, clothing, cereals, meats, seafood, vegetables, fruits and cotton.

Then briefly mentioned when they started, which consisted in that year and were implemented major economic reforms that transformed China into a mixed economy, and contributed to rapid economic growth that the Asian nation has achieved so far. Subsequently, we present the effects of this transformation on economic growth in China, briefly mentioning aspects such as GDP, growth in its industrial sector, foreign direct investment and international trade.

China economic transformation

In December 1978 China began economic reforms in capitalist-type and the opening to the outside, but keeping the style communist rhetoric. As a result, the country has changed radically, becoming a socialist market economy, which the West viewed as a mixed economy in which state involvement in economic life has been declining gradually (Lieberthal, 1995).

China's economic transformation starts with the beginning of a policy of openness that allows the start of trade and international investment. According to some authors (Light, 2003; Wilhelmy, 2000), the success of these reforms was based on the gradual way in which they were implemented in five main categories: agriculture, state ...