Child abuse charges for knowingly exposing the fetus to harmful substances

What are the Child abuse charges for knowingly exposing the fetus to harmful substances such as tobacco, alcohol, drugs (legal or illegal)?

Introduction

United States of America has long been known for punishing the criminals and passing legislations for an illegal activity. The legislations require the criminals to be strictly punished for committing the act. Same is the case with drug abuse and a child's exposure to drugs during the prenatal stage and the mother's irresponsibility in protecting the fetus. The following paper briefly discusses the policies of America regarding child abuse ...