Case Study-Coronary Artery Disease

Introduction3

Patient Background3

Significant to patient5

How DM affects the Gastrointestinal System5

Significant to patient5

Patient is experiencing constipation.5

How DM affects the Urinary System5

Significant to patient:6

Medications6

Dietary Information10

Symptoms11

Nursing Diagnose #1 for pt.12

Computed Tomography12

Nursing Diagnose #2 for pt.14

Magnetic Resonance Imaging14

Nursing Diagnose #3 for pt.15

Echocardiography15

Nursing Diagnose #4 for pt.17

Nuclear Medicine Myocardial Perfusion Stress Testing17

Future technology for Diagnosis18

Conclusion21

Referencess23

Case Study-Coronary Artery Disease

Introduction

Heart disease is the number one killer of women in America. Obesity, diabetes, high cholesterol, and high blood pressure are all contributing, or resulting, illnesses of heart disease. African American women are disproportionately affected by heart disease and its accompanying illnesses, and this is especially the case for African American women in the South. Cardiovascular disease is responsible for more deaths in women each year than all other causes combined. Women have different cardiac presentations than men and are more likely to be under diagnosed and undertreated for coronary artery disease. This paper addresses the nursing diagnosis for the 88 years old Caucasian female patient (pt.)

Patient Background

My Patient (pt) is an 88 year old Caucasian female who was admitted December 23,2010 with coronary artery disease (CAD). She is very active at the nursing horne and attends most of the activities here. She enjoys eating her meals in the dining room. She is widowed and has two daughters that live in the area and visit often. Her religion is Protestant. She has several medical diagnosis which include Sleep apnea, anxiety, hypertension (HTN), atrial fibrillation, dementia, alzheimers, coronary atherosclerosis, and congestive heart failure (CHF). She has a history of urinary tract infections as well as a previous emergency room visit for pneumonia with pleural effusion in January 2012. She has had an aortic valve replacement. She has a pace maker that she states she has had for a very long time. For her sleep apnea, she uses a C-PAP machine at night.

Textbook Review

In a healthy person's heart, coronary arteries are elastic like structures that allow blood to flow without interruption to supply the heart with oxygen and nutrients necessary for proper functioning. There are risk factors that are modifiable such as weight, smoking and blood pressure as well as non-modifiable risk factors like age, and family history that can cause complications leading to CAD (Daniels, 2007). One of the first steps in managing CAD is making changes to those risk factors that are modifiable to prevent further damage. Proper dieting, exercise, patient education, and keeping follow up appointments with your doctor can all contribute to keeping your heart healthy.

CAD can occur in pts with normal blood pressure or as in my pt's case, in someone with HTN. HTN is defined as having a blood pressure of 140/90 mm Hg. The left ventricle (LV) of the heart is responsible for pumping blood to the rest of the body.

In people with diabetes, the nervous system can be affected in many ways, causing multiple problems termed neuropathy. These problems can include numbness of sensation, increased pain sensation, decreased muscle control and function, and difficulty with control of other organs such ...