Case Study

Case Study

EXPLAIN WHY A BOOSTER TETANUS INJECTION WAS GIVEN TO VIVIENNE. (2 MARKS)

Due to the cut she had sustained, she had a wound that was open and susceptible to the attack of bacteria. If necessary measures were not taken, the bacteria would have successfully attacked the wound and caused infection to Vivienne. Therefore, in order to prevent the wound from getting infected by the bacteria, the doctors had to provide her with a booster tetanus injection, as it is known to fight against bacteria and protect the wound from being infected (Fernandez, Griffiths, 2012). Moreover, considering the fact that a booster tetanus injection is recommended to be given to an individual every 10 years, in order to increase and strengthen the individuals immunization, in order to protect the individuals body from antigen back to protective level (Fernandez, Griffiths, 2012). Therefore, considering the fact that Vivienne was given the booster tetanus injection, it can be said that the protective level of her bidy's immunization against antigen should have been lower and she might not have had the booster tetanus injection after the recommended 10 years duration (Fernandez, Griffiths, 2012). Therefore, in such a case, in order to increase her protective level of immunization against the antigen and to protect her from getting the infection, she would have been given the booster tetanus injection.

DESCRIBE THE PHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS OF ANY THREE OF HER WOUND OBSERVATIONS. RELATE YOUR RESPONSE TO THE CASE STUDY. (6 MARKS)

Wound edges red, Surrounding tissues swollen and Hot to touch

It is a normal procedure to have the wounds red, as they are in a healing process. Moreover, it should also be noted that this redness should only be on the immediate affected area, because of the presence of damaged tissues and flesh, whereas, if the redness is visible apart from the immediate affected area, this could mean that the wound is getting infected (Bruel, Haj-Hassan, et al, 2010). The presence of these three things in Vivienna's wound indicate the fact that there is a surplus amount of blood that is travelling through the wound. Regarding swelling, it can be said that there is inflammation in her wound (Bruel, Haj-Hassan, et al, 2010). As a wound is always susceptible to infection from bacteria, the oxygen present in Vivienna's blood with some more healing agents naturally present in the body, such as lymphatic fluid, etc. are fighting the infection, alongwith speeding up the production of cell in order to cover the wound and prevent harmful bacteria from entering the body. This is because after she sustained the cut, the bleeding would have coagulated and become the barrier for the bacteria trying to enter Vivienna's body, until the wound gets healed and there is a new covering of skin on the wound (Bruel, Haj-Hassan, et al, 2010). As pain in a cut that has become red, swollen and warm “inflammed” is an indication of the presence of surplus blood in the wounded area, trying to fight off the infection, thus it can be ...