CASE STUDY

Case Study of Cardio vascular Disease Risk

Case Study of Cardio vascular Disease Risk

Introduction

This case study is based on Mr. Sunil Patel who is engaged in the Cardiovascular Disease. It is the risk associated with the heart or blood vessels problems such as in veins and arteries. Mr. Sunil Patel in this case having the highest symptoms of the CVD risk because of his age that has crossed by 40 years, his habits of smoking 20 cigarettes in a day. Moreover, he has hypertension - three consecutive BP reading of 150/90 mmHg, and has TC: HDL ratio of 5.5. All these symptoms are relating to the risk of CVD.

Discussion

Rationale

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in BC, accounting for one in three deaths each year. Studies have shown that vascular injury, progressing to cardiovascular disease in adulthood, begins in adolescence. Emphasizing the early prevention of atherosclerosis and vascular damage by modifying risk factors such as smoking, excess body weight, low levels of physical activity and poor eating habits is of utmost importance (D'Agostino RB et al., 2000, pp. 272-281).

Assessment of CVD Risk

Some of the root cause of most cases of cardiovascular disease is a build-up of atheroma - a fatty deposit within the inside lining of arteries, smoking, eating junk food, high intake of salt that leads to high blood pressure, weight etc.

On the basis of above discussion, we can understand that Mr. Sunil has CVR risk since the age of 10. The risk increase with the level of age and we can note over here that Mr. Sunil is above 40 years old, he has the most chances for getting involved in the cardiovascular diseases because he is smoking a lot of cigarettes, for sometimes his BP level is also very high, he has got TC: HDL ratio of 5.5. These are all the factors that can determine the CVD risk in Mr. Sunil Patel.

One of the more prominent features of the Framingham risk scoring is the progressive increase in absolute risk with advancing age. This increase undoubtedly reflects the cumulative nature of atherogenesis. With advancing age, people typically accumulate increasing amounts of coronary atherosclerosis. This increased plaque burden itself becomes a risk factor for future coronary events (D'Agostino RB et al., 2000, pp. 272-281). Framingham scoring for age reflects this impact of plaque burden on risk. Still, average scores mask the extent of variability in plaque burden in the general population. To apply average risk scores for age to individual patients may lead to miscalculation of true risk, particularly because Framingham applies so much weight to age as a risk factor. Miscalculation of risk could lead to inappropriate selection of patients for aggressive risk-reduction therapies. This fact points to the need for flexibility in adapting treatment guidelines to older persons. The tempering of treatment recommendations with clinical judgment becomes increasingly important with advancing age, particularly after the age of 65. In the future, measures of subclinical atherosclerosis may improve the accuracy of global risk assessment in older ...