Bullying in Schools: Psychological Effects and Prevention

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Abstract

The study relates to bullying in schools, which mainly focuses on the psychological effects and its prevention. Bullying is a phenomenon that is numerous factors to consider. The studies and various psychologists point out that the bullying has physical and emotional effects in the people of young age. This research employs a quasi experimental study by conducting pre and post test experiments. Hundred students will be selected for the pre and post experiment. The intervention for this study is the second step bullying intervention program. The controlled and the experimental groups will be selected where the experimental group of students will be given the intervention and control groups will be examined without any intervention. Results of the pre and post test will be carried out through the use of T test by calculating the mean of the two examinations.

ABSTRACTI

SECTION I: INTRODUCTION1

1.1 Definitions and Terms1

1.1.1 Bullying1

1.1.2 Harassment1

1.1.3 Bullying Interventions1

1.2 Statement of Problem2

1.3 Rationale2

1.4 Background3

1.4.1 Review of Literature3

1.4.1.1 Bullying as an Imbalance of Power between the Victims and the Aggressor3

1.4.1.2 Bullying and Traumatic Stress4

1.4.1.3 Long Term Psychological Effects of School Bullying4

1.4.1.4 Interventions5

1.4.1.5 Prevention Programs6

1.4.2 Meta Analysis7

1.4.3 Quantitative Analysis8

1.4.4 Qualitative Analysis9

1.5 Discussion of the Topic11

1.6 Summary12

SECTION II: HYPOTHESIS AND METHODOLOGY14

2.1 Hypothesis14

2.2 Research Design14

2.3 Quasi-Experimental Design - Nonequivalent Control Group Design14

2.4 Study Group15

2.5 Selection of Participants15

2.6 Pre and post test and experimental Considerations15

2.7 Instrumentation16

2.8 Data Analysis16

2.9 Ethical Considerations17

2.10 Limitations17

REFERENCES18

SECTION I: INTRODUCTION

The research paper examines bullying in schools and how it can affect the psychological well being of children. From this research, the readers will get to know about the instances of bullying, the psychological stress that the bullied come across, the measures that can be taken to help them coping with this psychological trauma and determining solutions for preventing bullying in schools.

1.1 Definitions and Terms

1.1.1 Bullying

Bullying is the utilization of power or intimidation to misuse or threaten others. This conduct might be constant and include an unevenness of physical or social force. It can incorporate verbal provocation, physical attack or intimidation, and may be coordinated more than once towards specific sufferers. This may be on the grounds of race, class, religion, sexuality, presence, ability, or conduct (Williford, Boulton, 2012).

1.1.2 Harassment

It refers to a wide range of the behavior which is offensive and commonly realized as a behavior intended to upset.

1.1.3 Bullying Interventions

All those strategies, plans and activities that are undertaken by the school management to prevent the occurrence of bullying are referred to as bullying intervention strategies. These are the plans that are imperative for the prevention of bullying and supporting children who come across psychological issues due to school violence and being bullied.

1.2 Statement of Problem

Bullying is one of the major problems that are dominant in schools. Jenson J., Dieterich W, (2007) affirms bullying is present in most schools in the United States and has been reported to impact 70% of students. Several researchers, Horne, Arthur M.; Stoddard, Jennifer L.; Bell, Christopher D, (2007) and Olweus (1996), contend “victims of bullying can have ...