Boys Writing Attainment In Key Stage-2

Table of Contents

Writing Definition3

Critical Review Of Qualitatve And Quantitative Methodologies3

Literature Review4

Why do we need to improve pupils' writing and what can teachers do about it?6

Were pre-writing activities helpful?10

What other pre-writing activities help?11

How did the process approach help?12

What else do we know about process writing strategies?13

Other strategies related to the process approach14

What else may enquiry approaches involve?14

How did writing help pupils learn?15

Sample Size38

Validity, Reliability & Generalisability38

Summary40

Writing Definition

“The act or art of forming letters and characters on paper, wood, stone, or other material, for the purpose of recording the ideas which characters and words express, or of communicating them to others by visible signs.” (http://www.brainyquote.com)

Critical Review Of Qualitatve And Quantitative Methodologies

The review of quantitative and qualitative research is concerned with the question of whether the two research strategies should be considered contrasting epistemological positions or whether they are better conceptualized as simply referring to different clusters of techniques of data collection and analysis. The issue is very significant in terms of the prospects for multistrategy research. If quantitative and qualitative research are viewed as distinctive and largely irreconcilable epistemologies, multistrategy research is very difficult to envision. On the other hand, if they are viewed as different methods of data collection and analysis, research combining quantitative and qualitative research (i.e., multistrategy research) is easier to imagine.

Although the epistemological version of the debate about quantitative and qualitative research still has adherents who rail against the notion that the two research strategies can be combined at anything more than the most superficial level (e.g., Sale, Lohfeld, & Brazil, 2002), this position has increasingly given way to the technical version of the debate. Writers associated with the technical version recognize that quantitative and qualitative research have connections with epistemological and ontological assumptions but do not see these connections as inevitable. In other words, research methods can serve different masters, so that a “research method from one research strategy is viewed as capable of being pressed into the service of another” (Bryman, 2001, p. 446).

This softening among most writers in their views about quantitative and qualitative research, whereby the technical version of the debate is tending to hold sway, has almost certainly led to an increase in multistrategy research and certainly in its acceptability.

Literature Review

Writing has been defined by different authors in various ways: writing is producing visual symbols for the reader; the process of using a language to give an experience a meaning; a process with multiple features, where meanings and messages are created for the reader to interpret; using the writing system or orthography created by man in connection with their mundane activities; ideas in writing; expressing ideas using letters, words, art or media, something that can happen only if mental operations (processes) are mobilized to express ideas; writing is a skill that integrates knowledge and skill, it is an action which contains language, thoughts, experience, feelings, emotions, mechanical actions and different strategies; etc (Ahvenainen & Holopainen 2000: 28; Dahl & Farnan 2000: 5-6; Harris, Hodges 1995: 284; Hennings 2000: 319; ...