BIOLOGY

Biology

Biology

Question 1: Dietary Pattern Matrix

The analysis of the table presented below engulfs the enlightenment of the dietary recommendations that are prescribed to different individuals on the basis of their age group and gender. The dietary patterns suggested in the below mentioned matrix recommend different amounts of diverse dietary intakes into the human body in order to maintain stabilized metabolism. These intake recommendations differ from gender to gender and one age segment to another due to the respective requirements. The below mentioned matrix comprises the dietary intake substances such as energy, protein, fat, SFA, carbohydrate, dietary fiber, cholesterol, SFA, Carbohydrates, Dietary Fiber, Cholesterol, Ca, Na, Fe, Vitamin A, Folic Acid and Vitamin C which are necessary for metabolism in the human body (Beger, et al, 2008, 89-93).

The intake of these substances is usually observed in the respective dietary patterns followed by individuals. Nonetheless, their adequate amount of intake is required to maintain the sustainable health. The following matrix denotes differences in the amount of the substance intake with respect to gender and age segment. Hence, it can be interpreted that the intake requirement of these substances in human body differs on the basis of age and gender. Moreover, the dietary patterns also differ in pregnant and lactating women due to the dietary requirements of their body.

Dietary Pattern Recommendation Matrix

Age group

Energy * (kcal)

Protein (g)

Total Fat (g)

SFA (g)

Carbohydrates (g)

Dietary Fiber (g)

Cholesterol (mg)

Men

18-29 Years

2550

68

71

23.6

351

26

300

30-59 Years

2500

68

69

23

344

25

300

60 Years and Above

2100

68

58

19.3

289

21

300

Women

18-29 Years

2000

58

56

18.6

275

20

300

30-59 Years

2000

58

57

19

275

20

300

60 Years and Above

1800

58

50

16.7

248

18

300

Pregnant Women

Full Activity

285

9

8

6

39 

3

300

Reduced Activity

200

9

6

2

28 

2

300

Lactating Women

First 6 Months

500

25

14

4.6

69 

5

300

After 6 Months

500

19

14

4.6

69 

5

300

Age group

SFA (g)

Carbohydrates (g)

Dietary Fiber (g)

Cholesterol (mg)

Ca (g)

Na (mg)

Fe (mg)

Vit A (mcg)

Folic Acid (mcg)

Vit C (mg)

Men

18-29 Years

23.6

351

26

300

0.45

1700

6

750

200

30

30-59 Years

23

344

25

300

0.45

1650

6

750

200

30

60 Years and Above

19.3

289

21

300

0.45

1400

6

750

200

30

Women

18-29 Years

18.6

275

20

300

0.45

1350

19

750

200

30

30-59 Years

19

275

20

300

0.45

1350

19

750

200

30

60 Years and Above

16.7

248

18

300

0.45

1200

6

750

200

30

Pregnant Women

Full Activity

6

39 

3

300

1.1

200

19

750

400

50

Reduced Activity

2

28 

2

300

1.1

150

19

750

400

50

Lactating Women

First 6 Months

4.6

69 

5

300

1.1

350

19

1200

400

50

After 6 Months

4.6

69 

5

300

1.1

350

19

1200

400

50

Question 2: Diet as a Contributory Factor in Illness or Disease

The following chart presents the correlation between the dietary pattern followed by different countries and their disease or illness rate. There are two variables on the basis of which the following graph is constructed; unrefined plant food and heart disease death (CHD). The independent variable in the following chart is unrefined plant food consumption by a country and the dependent variable in the chart is death rate due to heart disease in a country. In the chart the black bars present the percentage of calories consumed from unrefined plant food and the white bars represent the deaths in the respective countries due to heart disease. According to the interpretation of the chart it can be concluded that there is an inverse relationship between the calories consumed from unrefined plant foods and the death rate due to heart disease.

The following chart represent the data from different countries such as Hungary, USA, Belgium, Sweden Finland, Portugal, Venezuela, Greece, Mexico, Korea, Thailand and Laos. According to the analysis of the chart, it can be enlightened that the death rate due to heart disease in Hungary is 90% and the rate of calories consumption through unrefined plant food is 10%. The death rate due to heart disease in USA is 80% and the rate ...