Benefits of Technology in Education

By

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to thank my supervisor for supporting me throughout my project and giving his valuable suggestions. Finally thanks to all my friends and family for their utmost support and inspiration.

DECLARATION

I, (Your name), would like to declare that all contents included in this dissertation stand for my individual work without any aid, & this dissertation has not been submitted for any examination at academic as well as professional level previously. It also represents my own views & not essentially the ones associated with university.

Signed __________________ Date _________________

ABSTRACT

The research study has highlighted the public schools in the United States adopted the teacher/manager model with the teacher as the primary manager of instruction and assessment in a classroom. Many effective strategies have been introduced during the years; however, this model has continued to be prevalent in schools to this day. During the latter half of the 20th century, technology was used in education in many forms. In the 1960s and 1970s, the same decades the United States was sending astronauts to the moon, mainframe and mini computers were first being introduced in the schools. The 1980s and 90s brought multimedia tutorials and computer games into the educational setting and by the mid 1990s, there was a computer for every classroom in the United States. However; computers for teacher preparation were limited thus limiting the classroom use. The analysis proves to be an effective measure in establishing benchmarks of current technology use by faculty and students; defining the direction and scope of professional development for faculty in the effective use of instructional technology; helps policy makers determine priority of funding for technology-related expenditures; and aids in the development of assessment tools for technology use in teaching and learning. In my study of the attitudes and practices of instructors in their integration of technology into their courses, I would like to discover the views they hold on gaining technology skills and their perception of its importance to their lives and their profession. Instructional technology as defined by the Commission on Instructional Technology is the media born of the communications revolution which can be used for instructional purposes alongside the teacher, textbook, and blackboard." As the traditional educational paradigm has shifted from a teacher-centered approach to an experiential student-centered approach (constructivism), instructional technology has emerged as an integral component of the daily educational environment. Education is a discipline that could benefit greatly from the infusion of technology into the daily pedagogical strategies utilized in the dissemination of information.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTII

DECLARATIONIII

ABSTRACTIV

Background of the Research Study1

Rationale10

Problem Statement10

Aims and objectives11

Research Questions11

Pedagogy and 21st Century Learning13

Impact of Technology on Instruction23

Instructional technology access by secondary education teachers26

Instructional Systems Design Theories28

CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY33

Search Technique33

Literature Search33

Inclusion and exclusion criteria35

Exclusion criteria36

Ethical Concerns36

Data extraction system38

CHAPTER 4: DISCUSSION39

Factors Influencing Use of Instructional Technology39

Barriers to the Use of Instructional Technology41

Instructional Experience and Use of Technology42

Methodologies for Teacher Preparation Candidates43

Discussion/Demonstration43

Candidate Technology Use During Preparation Coursework44

Professional Practice44

Theoretical Framework for the Study48

Types of Instructional Technology Assessments51

Needs Assessment56

CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS65

Implications68

REFERENCES70

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

Background of ...