ASSIGNMENT

Assignment

Assignment

Background

This assignment is based on the results of a survey consisting of 116 participants in which 58 were males and 58 were females. The results of the survey are attached as SPSS file. The results have been divided into three age-groups namely, 18-21, 22-24 and 25-40. This report consists of four sections in which different hypothesis were tested. The hypotheses are as follows:

Their will be differences on your scale measures and the MHLC scores according whether they have had a smoking related illness or not.

There are associations between gender and living accommodation, gender and smoking related illness and accommodation type and smoking related illness.

There will be an effect of both age and gender on some of your measures.

Section 1

Statistics

Smoking related illness ever

AgeGroups

N

Valid

116

116

Missing

0

0

Std. Deviation

.502

.81128

Variance

.252

.658

Percentiles

25

.00

1.0000

50

.00

2.0000

75

1.00

3.0000

Smoking related illness ever

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

Valid

No

59

50.9

50.9

50.9

Yes

57

49.1

49.1

100.0

Total

116

100.0

100.0

Age-Groups

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

Valid

18-21

35

30.2

30.2

30.2

22-24

40

34.5

34.5

64.7

25-40

41

35.3

35.3

100.0

Total

116

100.0

100.0

From the above analysis, we can easily say that the smoking related illness is prevalent in 49.1% of the participants, while 50.9% of the participants have never been faced with smoking related illness. We can say that smoking related illness is directly proportional to age. In our age groups, i.e. 18-21, 22-24 and 25-40, we can see that the highest percentage of smoking related illness is prevalent in 25-40 age group i.e. 35.3%. the same percentage is least in age group 18-21. This points out to the fact that smoking related illness gets increased with age i.e. the more the age, the greater would be the smoking related illness.

From the above tables and charts, we can say that there are certain differences in MHLC scales and our own scales.

Section 2

Gender & Living Accommodation

Correlations

Male or female

Type of living accommodation

Male or female

Pearson Correlation

1

-.108

Sig. (1-tailed)

.125

N

116

116

Type of living accommodation

Pearson Correlation

-.108

1

Sig. (1-tailed)

.125

N

116

116

Type of living accommodation

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

Valid

Family home

42

36.2

36.2

36.2

Independently

74

63.8

63.8

100.0

Total

116

100.0

100.0

Gender and type of living accommodation are positively correlated as the Pearson correlation is 1. We can see from the above table that 36.2% of the participants live in family home while 63.8% lives independently. This suggests that gender does not affect type of living accommodation as Pearson coefficient is 1.

Gender and Smoking Related Illness

Statistics

Male or female

Smoking related illness ever

N

Valid

116

116

Missing

0

0

Std. Deviation

.502

.502

Variance

.252

.252

Percentiles

25

.00

.00

50

.50

.00

75

1.00

1.00

Commonly, it can be said that gender plays a vital role in causing smoking related illness. Women are more affected by the smoking related illness rather than men. In section 1, we saw that age group was also a major factor in smoking related illness. This can be shown here as well that gender reflects the capacity to cause smoking related illness.

Male or female

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

Valid

Male

58

50.0

50.0

50.0

Female

58

50.0

50.0

100.0

Total

116

100.0

100.0

Smoking related illness ever

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

Valid

No

59

50.9

50.9

50.9

Yes

57

49.1

49.1

100.0

Total

116

100.0

100.0

Out of the total participants, 50.9% of the respondents didn't have any smoking related illness while 49.1% have. This percentage consists of more men rather than women.

Accommodation Type and Smoking Related Illness

Smoking related illness ever

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

Valid

No

59

50.9

50.9

50.9

Yes

57

49.1

49.1

100.0

Total

116

100.0

100.0

Type of living accommodation

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

Valid

Family home

42

36.2

36.2

36.2

Independently

74

63.8

63.8

100.0

Total

116

100.0

100.0

In this sub-section, our aim is to find out the relationship between type of living accommodation and smoking related illness. From the tables and graphs above, we can see that there is no particular sign of any relationship between type of accommodation and ...