ASSIGNMENT

Structure, materials and fire assignment



Structure, materials and fire assignment

Part 1

Frame method of construction has a long history in the world. The oldest buildings, built 1,300 years ago, remained in Japan. In medieval Europe, the strength of frame houses in the style of the building indicate framework. For example, in Germany the XV century frame was made of beech wood, and straw used as insulation and manure. Even if the Europeans appreciate the advantages of frame housing as an opportunity to build quickly and spend less wood. Panel-frame housing technology was developed in our country in 1947. However it was not developed on a large scale. The heyday came in the frame housing in the XX century.

Frame Building beginning to flourish with the advent of new materials - insulating and finishing, improving housing quality. Now the world is widely used today, American and Canadian timber frame technology. At the heart of - the three principles: the technology should be simple, accessible, housing must be of high quality, at home should not be similar to each other. In North America, are still preserved frame houses built in the early 1700s. They now live people. From time to time change the cladding, roofing, insulation, and skeleton - all the same. More than 80% of the population in countries such as Canada, Norway, Sweden, Finland, build their houses with panel-frame technology. The technology used by a certain company, has been used for over 20 years in Sweden, Canada, Japan, USA, Finland and Norway. Thanks to modern materials of panel-frame house will always meet the high requirements for housing, it is always possible to replace the heater or alter a house in the spirit of the latest architectural fashion.

There are three basic house-building technologies with the use of frames and panels. Frame-house we can say, if skeleton - bearing base of the building. When the panel itself acts as a load-bearing structure, it turns stone house.

There is a bar, inside of which incorporates elements of the framework. Houses built of these panels - panel-frame. This cottage consists of a frame, to which are attached panels, each of which consists of two plates with insulation in between. The basic principle - the one, but the structural elements of the building can be made of different materials, depending on a particular technology.

Frame - "the backbone" of the house. The design of the house frame bears the brunt, so it is constructing on the basis of careful calculations, as a result of which he will hold the walls and roof, redistributing the load of them on the foundation. Often the frame is made of wood. It may be natural moisture, dried, glued. But the fact that the frame can be made of metal, yet know not all. Meanwhile, the world has long and successfully built houses on the basis of light steel thin-walled structures (LSTC). For this technology, the future home cage constructed of galvanized steel with thickness up to 3mm ...